Electromagnetic flowmeter for transient measurements in hydraulic turbines at model scale

这项建议旨在更新我们的水轮机试验台的流量计，以便在过渡运行期间对水轮机模型进行时间分辨流量测量。位于拉瓦尔大学的液压机械实验室(LAMH)试验台是目前唯一在加拿大运行且遵守国际电工委员会标准的水轮机试验台。然而，我们的当前流量计的采集频率约为0.5赫兹，这不适合在1到10秒内发生的启动和负载拒绝等暂态条件下评估放电。因此，我们建议将其替换为恩德里斯+豪泽Promag 55S4H，DN400电磁流量计。该流量计是一种高精度的插入式替代产品，采集频率高达100赫兹，为我们的需求量身定做。LAMH研究计划旨在提高水轮机的运行灵活性和使用寿命，其中包括促进电网中间歇性可再生能源的整合。这一新的流量计将使LAMH能够完成研究项目，调查启动和负荷拒绝等瞬变状态下的流体-结构相互作用。它将提供在短期内完成Tr-Francis项目所需的数据。TR-Francis是一个为期六年的项目，由NSERC(CRD赠款)、InnovéE赠款机构、五个工业合作伙伴和三个能源供应商提供支持。它涉及五名教授，三名研究助理，二十名研究生(两名博士后，四名博士，十四名硕士)。还有很多本科生实习生。Tr-Francis的核心是在一个水轮机模型上进行的速度、压力、应变和振动测量，该水轮机模型在流体力学和结构上与魁北克水力公司运营的水轮机相似。这种新的流量计将增加重要信息，以确定在启动过程中涡轮机不同位置发现的流动和结构现象之间的相关性。它还将为数值模拟和降阶模型的开发提供数据。

This proposal aims to update the flowmeter of our hydraulic turbine test stand to perform time-resolved discharge measurements in hydraulic turbine models during transient operations. The Hydraulic Machines Laboratory (LAMH) test stand in Université Laval is currently the only hydraulic turbine test stand operating in Canada and respecting the International Electrotechnical Commission standards. However, our current flowmeter has an acquisition frequency of about 0.5 Hz, which is unsuited for evaluating the discharge in transient conditions, such as start-up and load rejections, occurring over 1 to 10 seconds. We thus propose to replace it with an Endress+Hauser Promag 55S4H, DN400 electromagnetic flowmeter. This flowmeter is a high-precision drop-in replacement with an acquisition frequency of up to 100 Hz, tailored to our needs. The LAMH research program aims at increasing the operational flexibility and service life of hydraulic turbines to, among other things, facilitate the integration of intermittent renewable energy on electrical grids. This new flowmeter will enable the LAMH to complete research projects investigating fluid-structure interactions in transient regimes such as start-up and load rejections. It will provide the necessary data to complete the Tr-FRANCIS project in the short term. Tr-FRANCIS is a six-year project supported by NSERC (CRD grant), the InnovÉE grant agency, five industrial partners and three energy suppliers. It involves five professors, three research associates, twenty graduate students (two postdocs, four Ph.D., fourteen M.Sc.) and many undergraduate interns. At the core of Tr-FRANCIS are velocity, pressure, strain and vibration measurements performed on a turbine model hydrodynamically and structurally homologous to a turbine operated by Hydro-Québec. This new flowmeter will add important information to identify correlations between flow and structural phenomena identified at different locations in the turbine during start-ups. It will also provide data for numerical simulations and the development of Reduced Order Models.