Innovative Compressor/Fan Technologies for Reduction of Fossil Fuel Consumption

减少化石燃料消耗的创新压缩机/风扇技术

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-04752
• 负责人: Vo, HuuDuc
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: École Polytechnique de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=754527
• 关键词: Innovative; Compressor; Fan; Technologies; Reduction

Due to their high power density, turbomachinery compressors and fans will continue to play a major role in energy intensive applications such as aircraft propulsion and climate control. The proposed research in aerodynamics extends three boundaries of compressor and fan technology for reducing fossil fuel consumption in these two areas to address global warming.   The first boundary is stage pressure ratio. A modern aero-engine compressor has a lot of stages for adequate engine pressure ratio. A new counter-rotating non-axial compressor concept patented by the applicant can double the highest achievable pressure rise per stage. The impact would be a radically new, simpler and shorter aero-engine architecture with very few compression stages and potentially 20% lower fuel consumption. Initial studies showed that the high relative inlet flow velocity and short blades of the counter-rotating rotor cause high losses from shocks and tip clearance flow. The proposed research will develop and assess aerodynamic solutions through CFD simulations to address these issues for the concept to work.   The second boundary is fan operation under highly non-uniform inlet flow for a new aircraft architecture called boundary layer ingestion (BLI) that can reduce fuel consumption by 11%. In BLI aircraft, the engines ingest and accelerate the aircraft boundary layer fluid to partially cancel the aircraft's wake for drag reduction. The ingestion of such non-uniform flow causes significant aerodynamic force fluctuation on the fan blades, compromising their structural integrity/longevity, and reduces fan performance and operating envelope. The applicant invented a patentable aerodynamic device upstream of the fan to resolve these issues. After a promising initial assessment, new studies aim to significantly increase the device's effectiveness through 3D shape optimization with numerical simulations and to experimentally validate it.   The third boundary is small mass flow rate that translates into small blades and high rotating speed for turbomachinery compressors, making them uncompetitive relative to volumetric compressors for use in residential heat pumps (HP) despite their much higher efficiency. A novel and patentable centrifugal compressor concept with a special impeller has been proposed by the applicant that combines very low-cost with high efficiency. Flow structures associated with the new impeller causes high losses in the diffuser, limiting the efficiency advantage. The proposed research will devise and numerically assess new diffuser designs to optimize this concept and test a prototype. If successful, the new concept will enable an expansion of HP utilization to cut fossil fuel usage in residential heating.   The proposed research can provide a large competitive edge for Canada's aerospace industry by developing breakthrough aviation technology and highly skilled HQP, as well as help Canada meet its greenhouse gas emissions reduction commitments.

由于其高功率密度，涡轮压缩机和风扇将继续在飞机推进和气候控制等能源密集型应用中发挥重要作用。拟议的空气动力学研究扩展了压缩机和风扇技术的三个边界，以减少这两个领域的化石燃料消耗，以解决全球变暖问题。 第一个边界是级压比。现代航空发动机压气机具有许多级以获得足够的发动机压比。申请人获得专利的新型反向旋转非轴向压缩机概念可以将每级可实现的最高压力上升增加一倍。其影响将是一个全新的，更简单，更短的航空发动机结构，压缩级很少，油耗可能降低20%。初步研究表明，高的相对进口流速和反向旋转转子的短叶片引起高的激波和叶尖间隙流损失。拟议的研究将通过CFD模拟开发和评估空气动力学解决方案，以解决这些问题，使该概念发挥作用。 第二个边界是风扇在高度非均匀进气流下的运行，这种新的飞机结构称为边界层摄入（BLI），可以减少11%的燃油消耗。在BLI飞机中，发动机吸入并加速飞机边界层流体，以部分抵消飞机的尾流，从而减少阻力。这种非均匀流的吸入导致风扇叶片上的显著空气动力波动，损害其结构完整性/寿命，并降低风扇性能和操作包络线。申请人在风扇上游发明了一种可申请专利的空气动力学装置，以解决这些问题。在进行了有希望的初步评估后，新的研究旨在通过数值模拟的3D形状优化来显着提高设备的有效性，并进行实验验证。 第三个边界是小的质量流率，这转化为小叶片和高转速，使得它们相对于用于住宅热泵（HP）的容积式压缩机没有竞争力，尽管它们的效率高得多。本申请人提出了一种具有特殊叶轮的新颖且可申请专利的离心压缩机概念，其将非常低的成本与高效率相结合。与新叶轮相关的流动结构导致扩散器中的高损失，限制了效率优势。拟议的研究将设计和数值评估新的扩散器设计，以优化这一概念和测试原型。如果成功的话，新概念将能够扩大惠普的利用率，以减少住宅供暖中的化石燃料使用。 拟议的研究可以通过开发突破性的航空技术和高技能的HQP为加拿大的航空航天业提供巨大的竞争优势，并帮助加拿大履行其温室气体减排承诺。