Ecosystem response to changing hydroclimatic regimes within Montane, Boreal and Taiga Ecozone transition areas; a multi-scale approach

生态系统对山地、北方和针叶林生态区过渡区域内不断变化的水文气候状况的响应；

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-04362
• 负责人: Hopkinson, Christopher
• 金额: $ 3.36万
• 依托单位: University of Lethbridge
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=754791
• 关键词: Ecosystem; response; changing; hydroclimatic; regimes

Climatic influences on changing landcover, water availability and biomass production are components of a dynamic Earth System that can be monitored with satellite earth observation (EO) data. EO land and water monitoring and regional climate modeling are becoming commonplace tools to support government resource, hazard and environmental assessments, and for land/water use and Carbon emissions policy. The increasing reliance on EO data to understand, manage and plan societal interaction with the Environment has resulted in many recent or imminent satellite launches with goals of monitoring global biomass to water extent and levels. A challenge with satellite EO data is converting images into meaningful representations of ground level feature properties and then relating image-based changes to ecosystem processes. My Dynamic Ecosystem Landcover Transitions Assessment (DELTA) program uses multi-scale EO data to examine forest and wetland ecosystem response to perturbations in the climate system along elevation and latitude gradients.High latitude and mountain regions contain forest ecosystems at the extent of their natural range that are sensitive to hydroclimatic change. Some areas have experienced >2oC increase in recent annual temperatures, resulting in clear impacts on forest productivity. Few studies have examined spatio-temporal impacts of climate forcing on morpho-biophysical ecosystem characteristics across transitional (e.g. treeline) forest ecotones. It is often assumed that as high altitude and latitude environments warm, conditions favour increased biomass production. However, local-scale feedbacks can counter the influence of regional forcing mechanisms such that aggregate contemporary and future impacts are uncertain and need to be ascertained.By combining field and multi-scale airborne and satellite EO data over 6 study sites, DELTA will characterize the rates and magnitudes of change occurring to landcover, water availability and biomass production within Montane, Boreal and Taiga Ecozone transition zones. Results will be summarized at the region, landscape, ecosystem and local feature scales. Regional impacts need to be understood to inform policy, while feature-scale data enable processes understanding and modeling. Consequently, focus will be placed on developing routines to upscale feature-scale processes and on downscaling regional EO change observations. Understanding the scaling behavior of processes and observations will be used to develop a GIS-based landscape evolution modelling framework. This research will ensure modern EO data are seen as reliable inputs to policy and management processes. This has great importance for public and private sector stakeholders that are responsible for stewardship and sustainable resource extraction, management and reclamation in regions sensitive to hydroclimatic change.

气候对不断变化的土地覆盖，水的可用性和生物量产生的影响是动态地球系统的组成部分，可以通过卫星地球观测（EO）数据进行监控。 EO土地和水监测以及区域气候建模已成为支持政府资源，危害和环境评估以及土地/用水和碳排放政策的普遍工具。越来越多地依赖EO数据来理解，管理和计划与环境的社会互动，这导致了许多最近或即将到来的卫星发射，其目标是将全球生物量调查至水范围和水平。卫星EO数据的挑战是将图像转换为地面特征属性的有意义表示，然后将基于图像的更改与生态系统过程相关联。我的动态生态系统地板过渡评估（DELTA）计划使用多尺度的EO数据来检查森林和湿地生态系统对气候系统沿着海拔和纬度梯度侵入的反应。高纬度和山地区域含有森林生态系统，其自然范围对氢化气化的自然范围敏感。在最近的年度温度中，一些领域的体验> 2oC，从而对森林生产力产生了明显的影响。很少有研究检查气候强迫对跨过渡性（例如绿林）森林生态酮的形态生态生态系统特征的时空影响。通常认为，随着高海拔和纬度环境的温暖，条件有利于增加生物量的生产。 However, local-scale feedbacks can counter the influence of regional forcing mechanisms such that aggregate contemporary and future impacts are uncertain and need to be ascertained.By combining field and multi-scale airborne and satellite EO data over 6 study sites, DELTA will characterize the rates and magnitudes of change occurring to landcover, water availability and biomass production within Montane, Boreal and Taiga Ecozone transition区域。结果将在该地区，景观，生态系统和局部特征量表中进行总结。需要理解区域影响以告知政策，而功能尺度数据使过程能够理解和建模。因此，将重点放在开发日常工作中，以进行高档特征级流程和缩小区域EO变更观测值。了解过程和观察的缩放行为将用于开发基于GIS的景观演化建模框架。这项研究将确保现代EO数据被视为政策和管理流程的可靠输入。这对于负责对氢化气候变化敏感的地区负责管理和可持续资源提取，管理和开垦的公共和私营部门利益相关者非常重要。