Organic Geochemistry and Marine Research

有机地球化学和海洋研究

• 批准号: CRC-2021-00133
• 负责人: Ventura, Gregory
• 金额: $ 7.29万
• 依托单位: Saint Mary's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Canada Research Chairs
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=755028
• 关键词: Organic; Geochemistry; Marine; Research

Presented is a two-fold research strategy of 4 applied and 2 blue skies projects that are currently underway and planned for the coming five-year term. These projects aim to improve technologies for oil and gas exploration, seepage detection and remediation as well as answer fundamental questions about the nature of our biosphere and its interaction with the geosphere.The applied research initiatives are associated with hydrocarbon detection and environmental impact studies for offshore Nova Scotia. For this portion of the program, an environmental lipidomics survey (project 1) is being conducted to develop lipid-based bioassays for deep marine hydrocarbon seep detection with the aim of de-risking offshore oil and gas exploration along the Scotian slope. In tandem with this is a clumped' isotopologues of methane survey (project 2) of gases collected from prospective seep sites along the slope that aims to find the generating source rock intervals within the underlying basin with further evaluations on how these novel isotope signals may become modified by microbial interactions with migrating gases. These two projects will be followed-up with a methane emissions survey (project 3) of abandoned wells on the Scotian shelf to determine if leakage of the casing and well bores is occurring and to then evaluate the associated environmental impacts this may have to the ocean and atmosphere. The final applied research project (project 4) will resolve the type, abundance, and molecular hydrocarbon composition of sedimentary organic matter in targeted strata with an aim of producing multi-molecular hydrocarbon fingerprints that can be used to predict the broader-level sequence stratigraphic position of the associated rock units within a basin.Blue-skies projects are associated with astrobiological and deep time preservation studies that aim to resolve the preservation potential of organic matter hosted in unusual geological conditions. The first project (project 5) is examining polar lipids extracted from biofilters that have been stationed for over one year within drill holes at terrestrial serpentinized springs in the Tablelands of Newfoundland and the Cedars, in California, USA to interpret their microbiological diversity and to establish the modes of metabolism for these communities. Lastly, project 6 will resolve the mineralogical associations to which archaeal lipid are found in 2.6 Ga Late Archean argillites of the Abitibi Subprovince of Canada.

提出了目前正在进行和计划未来五年的4个应用项目和2个蓝天项目的双重研究策略。这些项目旨在改进石油和天然气勘探、渗漏检测和修复技术，并回答有关生物圈性质及其与地圈相互作用的基本问题。应用研究计划与碳氢化合物探测和新斯科舍省近海环境影响研究有关。在该项目的这一部分，正在进行一项环境脂质组学调查（项目1），以开发基于脂质的生物分析方法，用于深海碳氢化合物渗漏检测，目的是降低Scotian斜坡沿线海上油气勘探的风险。与此同时，对沿斜坡的潜在渗漏点收集的气体进行甲烷块状同位素调查（项目2），旨在找到下垫盆地内产生烃源岩的层段，并进一步评估微生物与运移气体的相互作用如何改变这些新的同位素信号。在这两个项目之后，将对苏格兰大陆架上的废弃井进行甲烷排放调查（项目3），以确定套管和井眼是否正在发生泄漏，然后评估这可能对海洋和大气造成的相关环境影响。最终的应用研究项目（项目4）将解决目标地层中沉积有机质的类型，丰度和分子烃组成，旨在产生多分子烃指纹，可用于预测盆地内伴生岩石单元的更广泛层序地层位置。蓝天项目与天体生物学和深时间保存研究有关，旨在解决在特殊地质条件下有机物质的保存潜力。第一个项目（项目5）是检查从生物过滤器中提取的极性脂质，这些生物过滤器已经在纽芬兰高原和美国加利福尼亚州雪松的陆地蛇形化泉的钻孔中放置了一年多，以解释其微生物多样性并建立这些群落的代谢模式。最后，项目6将解决在加拿大阿比提比省2.6 Ga晚太古代泥岩中发现古细菌脂质的矿物学关联。