Organic Geochemistry and Marine Research

介绍了一个由4个应用项目和2个蓝天项目组成的两个研究战略，这些项目目前正在进行中，并计划在下一个五年期限内实施。这些项目旨在改进石油和天然气勘探、渗漏检测和补救技术，并回答有关生物圈性质及其与地球圈相互作用的基本问题。应用研究举措与新斯科舍省近海的碳氢化合物检测和环境影响研究有关。对于该方案的这一部分，正在进行环境脂质组学调查(项目1)，以开发基于脂质的生物检测方法，用于深海碳氢化合物渗漏检测，目的是降低沿Scotian斜坡的近海石油和天然气勘探风险。与此同步进行的是对从沿斜坡的潜在渗漏点收集的气体进行的分组甲烷同位素调查(项目2)，旨在找到下伏盆地内的生成源岩区间，并进一步评估这些新的同位素信号可能如何被微生物与迁移气体的相互作用所改变。继这两个项目之后，将对斯科特大陆架上的废弃井进行甲烷排放调查(项目3)，以确定套管和井孔是否发生泄漏，然后评估这可能对海洋和大气造成的相关环境影响。最后的应用研究项目(项目4)将解决目标地层中沉积有机质的类型、丰度和分子烃组成，目的是产生多分子烃指纹，可用于预测盆地内伴生岩石单元的更广泛的层序地层位置。蓝天项目与天体生物学和深部保存研究有关，旨在解决异常地质条件下有机质的保存潜力。第一个项目(项目5)是检查从生物过滤器中提取的极性脂类，这些生物过滤器已经在美国加利福尼亚州纽芬兰和雪松高原的陆地蛇纹岩泉水的钻孔中驻扎了一年多，以解释它们的微生物多样性，并确定这些群落的新陈代谢模式。最后，项目6将解决在加拿大Abitibi亚省2.6Ga晚太古代泥岩中发现的古生物类脂的矿物学联系。

Presented is a two-fold research strategy of 4 applied and 2 blue skies projects that are currently underway and planned for the coming five-year term. These projects aim to improve technologies for oil and gas exploration, seepage detection and remediation as well as answer fundamental questions about the nature of our biosphere and its interaction with the geosphere.The applied research initiatives are associated with hydrocarbon detection and environmental impact studies for offshore Nova Scotia. For this portion of the program, an environmental lipidomics survey (project 1) is being conducted to develop lipid-based bioassays for deep marine hydrocarbon seep detection with the aim of de-risking offshore oil and gas exploration along the Scotian slope. In tandem with this is a clumped' isotopologues of methane survey (project 2) of gases collected from prospective seep sites along the slope that aims to find the generating source rock intervals within the underlying basin with further evaluations on how these novel isotope signals may become modified by microbial interactions with migrating gases. These two projects will be followed-up with a methane emissions survey (project 3) of abandoned wells on the Scotian shelf to determine if leakage of the casing and well bores is occurring and to then evaluate the associated environmental impacts this may have to the ocean and atmosphere. The final applied research project (project 4) will resolve the type, abundance, and molecular hydrocarbon composition of sedimentary organic matter in targeted strata with an aim of producing multi-molecular hydrocarbon fingerprints that can be used to predict the broader-level sequence stratigraphic position of the associated rock units within a basin.Blue-skies projects are associated with astrobiological and deep time preservation studies that aim to resolve the preservation potential of organic matter hosted in unusual geological conditions. The first project (project 5) is examining polar lipids extracted from biofilters that have been stationed for over one year within drill holes at terrestrial serpentinized springs in the Tablelands of Newfoundland and the Cedars, in California, USA to interpret their microbiological diversity and to establish the modes of metabolism for these communities. Lastly, project 6 will resolve the mineralogical associations to which archaeal lipid are found in 2.6 Ga Late Archean argillites of the Abitibi Subprovince of Canada.