Understanding quantum advantage via classical simulation algorithms for quantum circuits

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Quantum computers promise to revolutionise science and society by solving problems that are impossible using our existing classical devices. However, the full scope of the new problems within the reach of quantum computers is not completely understood.Our project tackles this foundational question by asking: which quantum processes can be simulated by classical computers? By answering this question, we will map the boundary between those problems solvable by classical computers and those solvable only by quantum computers.Beyond guiding us towards new applications of quantum computers, the techniques we will develop will be useful in benchmarking the prototypes of quantum computers that are being constructed in the short term.