A one-step advanced manufacturing process for developing bulk stable nanocrystalline-lightweight alloy: A new weight reduction approach to combating global climate change

用于开发块状稳定纳米晶轻质合金的一步式先进制造工艺：应对全球气候变化的一种新的减重方法

• 批准号: 577380-2022
• 负责人: Tiamiyu, AhmedAA
• 金额: $ 3.64万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=759749
• 关键词: step; advanced; manufacturing; process; developing

Alberta/Canada is committed to the United Nation's sustainable development goals to combat global climate change. As the requirement to reduce energy consumption/emission becomes more stringent, there are few options for accomplishing this goal from a metallurgical standpoint. For instance, in the past four decades, automobile industries have not been able to reduce the vehicular weight that causes high fuel consumption; instead, technological innovations are used to offset these impacts, e.g., the advent of electric vehicles. However, making vehicles lighter by 35% with no sacrifice to safety can further lower fuel consumption by another 12-20%. This, and other heavy weight requiring-structures open a new window for a metallurgical weight-reduction approach that will accomplish Alberta/Canada's climate change target in record time. Materials' thickness/weight requirement for structures and, in turn, energy consumption, can be reduced when materials' strength is increased through the development of nanocrystalline (NC) structure in the materials. However, nanograins are unstable even at ambient temperature due to the excess energy at the grain boundaries; a phenomenon that results in the loss of inherent functional properties in NC materials and also stalls their widespread use. While stabilizing NC materials against grain growth is important, their commercial adoption is limited in thickness (~1-100 µm). There is still a need for processing science that circumvents the outline drawbacks. Therefore, the overall objective of this project is to design and develop ultra-high strength "bulk" lightweight stabilized NC alloy in a one-step process-i.e., a single manufacturing process that directly produces NC in bulk but with GB stabilized. This proposed project will directly benefit the energy and transportation sectors in Alberta and Canada by reducing the cost associated with greenhouse-gas reduction targets by 2030-$9.1 billion, and an estimated $5.5 trillion if no new measure is taken. The research program will also contribute to the training of highly qualified personnel to ensure continuous training of experts in Alberta and Canada, in the area of nanotechnology, and advanced manufacturing technologies.

阿尔伯塔/加拿大致力于实现联合国的可持续发展目标，以应对全球气候变化。随着降低能耗/排放的要求变得更加严格，从冶金学的角度来看，实现这一目标的选择很少。例如，在过去的四十年里，汽车工业一直未能减少导致高油耗的车辆重量;相反，技术创新被用来抵消这些影响，例如，电动汽车的出现。然而，在不牺牲安全性的情况下使车辆重量减轻35%，可以进一步降低12- 20%的油耗。这一点，以及其他重型结构打开了一个新的窗口，冶金减重的方法，将完成阿尔伯塔/加拿大的气候变化目标在创纪录的时间。当材料的强度通过在材料中开发纳米晶（NC）结构而增加时，可以降低材料对结构的厚度/重量要求，进而降低能量消耗。然而，由于晶界处的过量能量，纳米晶粒即使在环境温度下也是不稳定的;这种现象导致NC材料中固有的功能特性的损失，并且还阻碍了它们的广泛使用。虽然稳定NC材料以防止晶粒生长很重要，但其商业应用受到厚度（约1-100 µm）的限制。仍然需要处理科学来规避大纲的缺点。因此，本项目的总体目标是设计和开发超高强度“块体”轻质稳定NC合金，即一步法，直接批量生产NC但GB稳定的单一制造工艺。这一拟议中的项目将直接使阿尔伯塔和加拿大的能源和交通部门受益，减少与2030年温室气体减排目标相关的成本--91亿美元，如果不采取新措施，估计将减少5.5万亿美元。该研究计划还将有助于培养高素质的人才，以确保在阿尔伯塔和加拿大的专家在纳米技术和先进制造技术领域的持续培训。