Vascular responsiveness and oxygen transport during exercise in children and adolescents

儿童和青少年运动期间的血管反应性和氧输送

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-07190
• 负责人: McManus, Ali
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=761783
• 关键词: Vascular; responsiveness; oxygen; transport; during

Free living movement in the child is highly sporadic, requiring near instantaneous adjustments in metabolism. The rapid adjustment in blood flow needed to support these movement patterns is best assessed from the dynamic response profile and kinetics. Studies in children rarely use dynamic approaches to exercise testing, seldom consider mechanistic pathways or sex and the accurate assessment of key developmental stages is often absent. This research program will overcome some of the limitations of traditional approaches to studying exercise in children by creating novel and integrative insight into how brain blood flow accommodates rapid changes in metabolism at the onset of exercise. In Objective 1, we will define the kinetic cerebrovascular response to acute exercise of varying intensities and the relationship to sex, age, and maturation. In Objective 2, we will develop an understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underpinning adaptations to acute exercise in early-and late-pubertal girls and boys and in adults. Finally, in Objective 3 we will determine whether participation in exercise training alters the cerebrovascular kinetic response in a developmental manner and if sex and duration of training are important. Overall, the long-term objective of this research program is to better understand how age, sex and maturations influence the factors that govern brain blood flow during exercise. SCIENTIFIC APPROACH: Studies conducted to address these objects use cross-sectional, experimental and longitudinal designs with healthy pre-pubertal and pubertal children and adolescents (8-16 years old; 50% boys) and healthy adults (20-25 years old; 50% male). Our experimental approach incorporates exercise protocols designed to systematically alter the metabolic responses in the child and we evaluate brain blood flow responses using non-invasive ultrasounds measures. Importantly we assess biological age using a minimally invasive technique. NOVELTY AND SIGNIFICANCE: This research programme will provide new information about the factors that regulate brain blood flow during the energetic challenges of exercise in the child, how this differs between girls and boys and how this changes as the child ages and matures. The results from these studies will significantly advance our knowledge of the influence growth and have on cerebrovascular function and has the potential to influence current theories of brain blood flow regulation in the child and adolescent. This work will create a better evidence base from which effective intervention can be designed, establishing whether or not exercise training results in adaptations of cerebrovascular function. Importantly the physiologic factors that determine the cerebrovascular response to exercise and the degree to which these can be altered will be key to developing future research investigating impaired cerebrovascular function due to disease or environment.

儿童的自由活动是非常零星的，需要代谢的几乎即时的调整。支持这些运动模式所需的血流快速调整最好从动态响应曲线和动力学进行评估。儿童研究很少使用动态方法进行运动测试，很少考虑机械途径或性别，而且往往缺乏对关键发育阶段的准确评估。这项研究计划将克服传统方法的一些局限性，通过创造新的和综合的洞察力来研究儿童运动，以了解脑血流如何适应运动开始时新陈代谢的快速变化。在目标1中，我们将定义不同强度急性运动的动力学脑血管反应以及与性别、年龄和成熟度的关系。在目标2中，我们将了解支持青春期早期和晚期女孩和男孩以及成年人对急性运动适应的调节机制。最后，在目标3中，我们将确定参与运动训练是否以发育的方式改变脑血管动力学反应，以及性别和训练时间是否重要。总的来说，这项研究计划的长期目标是更好地了解年龄，性别和成熟度如何影响运动期间控制脑血流的因素。科学方法：针对这些目标进行的研究采用横断面、实验和纵向设计，对象为健康青春期前和青春期儿童和青少年（8-16岁; 50%为男孩）和健康成人（20-25岁; 50%为男性）。我们的实验方法结合了旨在系统地改变儿童代谢反应的运动方案，我们使用非侵入性超声测量来评估脑血流反应。重要的是，我们使用微创技术评估生物年龄。 新奇和重要性：这项研究计划将提供有关在儿童运动的充满活力的挑战期间调节脑血流量的因素的新信息，这在女孩和男孩之间有何不同，以及随着儿童年龄和成熟如何变化。这些研究的结果将大大提高我们对生长和脑血管功能影响的认识，并有可能影响儿童和青少年脑血流调节的现有理论。这项工作将创造一个更好的证据基础，从有效的干预措施可以设计，确定是否运动训练的结果在脑血管功能的适应。重要的是，决定脑血管对运动的反应的生理因素以及这些因素可以改变的程度将是未来研究由于疾病或环境而导致脑血管功能受损的关键。