PATHways for PATHogens and antimicrobial resistance in Wells ( PATH -2- Well study)

井中病原体和抗菌素耐药性的途径（路径 -2- 井研究）

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-03447
• 负责人: Murphy, Heather
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=761927
• 关键词: PATHways; PATHogens; antimicrobial; resistance; Wells

Approximately 51 million people in North America are served by private wells that are frequently untreated. These private water supplies are unregulated; homeowners are responsible for testing and treating their water of which only 27% and 34% of Canadians, respectively, on wells reportedly do. Crudely, I estimate that 1.4 million cases of acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI) per year are attributed to consuming water from untreated private wells in Canada and the US. These cases of illness are preventable and largely fall on rural, underserved populations that have been left behind. Private wells remain a major gap in achieving equitable access to safely managed drinking water in Canada. This NSERC Discovery program will build our understanding of the transmission pathways of pathogens into groundwater, providing the foundation for developing appropriate interventions to manage wells to help protect the more than 4 million rural underserved Canadians that rely on well water. As I embark on my new position as CRC in One Health, I seek to broaden my avenue of groundwater research to generate data that will help decision makers at national and international scales. This will be my first submission of an NSERC Discovery grant. My track record has provided the foundation for this ambitious and unique research program rooted in One Health (the interface between animal, human and environmental health). In the short-term, through the Aims described below, my proposed research program seeks to identify and understand the ways enteric pathogens move from animal and human sources through the environment into private wells. This foundation will support my long-term objective (> 5 years) of developing engineering interventions and control measures to ultimately protect health. Aim 1- Identify environmental factors that lead to the presence of pathogens and antimicrobial resistant genes (ARGs) in untreated well water from rural households. (PhD 1- 2, PDF 1, UG 1-3) Aim 2- Understand the influence of rainfall and antecedent dry weather conditions on the microbial contamination of private wells. (PhD 2, UG 4) Aim 3- Investigate and optimize the use of passive sampling techniques for monitoring of pathogens and ARGs in private well water supplies. (MSc 1-2, PDF 2, UG 5-6) I bring over 17 years of interdisciplinary research experience at the cross-roads of engineering and environmental health with a focus on safeguarding water supplies. This research program will train 12 HQP and provide unique lab and field experience drawing on engineering, public health, epidemiology, water microbiology, and risk assessment. HQP trained in both field research and wet lab techniques are highly employable in academia, industry and government. Additionally, HQP will have the opportunity to collaborate and work with a network of international researchers who are committed to protecting groundwater supplies around the globe.

北美约有5100万人使用的私人水井往往未经处理。这些私人供水不受监管；房主负责检测和处理他们的水，而据报道，分别只有27%和34%的加拿大人这样做。粗略地估计，在加拿大和美国，每年有140万例急性胃肠道疾病（AGI）病例可归因于饮用未经处理的私人水井的水。这些病例是可以预防的，而且主要发生在农村，服务不足的人口被抛在后面。在加拿大实现公平获得安全管理的饮用水方面，私人水井仍然是一个重大差距。这个NSERC发现项目将建立我们对病原体进入地下水的传播途径的理解，为开发适当的干预措施提供基础，以管理水井，帮助保护400多万依赖井水的加拿大农村地区。当我开始在一个健康中心担任CRC的新职位时，我寻求拓宽我的地下水研究途径，以产生有助于国家和国际层面决策者的数据。这将是我第一次提交国家科学研究委员会的发现资助。我的工作记录为这个雄心勃勃且独特的研究项目提供了基础，该项目植根于“同一个健康”（动物、人类和环境健康之间的接口）。在短期内，通过以下描述的目标，我提出的研究计划旨在确定和了解肠道病原体从动物和人类来源通过环境进入私人水井的方式。这个基金会将支持我的长期目标（50年左右），即开发工程干预和控制措施，最终保护健康。目标1-确定导致农村家庭未经处理的井水中存在病原体和抗微生物药物耐药性基因（ARGs）的环境因素。（PhD 1- 2, PDF 1, UG 1-3）目标2-了解降雨和之前干燥天气条件对私人水井微生物污染的影响。（博士2，UG 4）目标3-调查和优化使用被动采样技术监测私人井水供应中的病原体和ARGs。（MSc 1-2, PDF 2, UG 5-6）我带来了超过17年的跨学科研究经验，在工程和环境卫生的交叉路口，重点是保护供水。该研究项目将培训12名HQP，并在工程、公共卫生、流行病学、水微生物学和风险评估方面提供独特的实验室和现场经验。经过实地研究和湿实验室技术培训的HQP在学术界，工业界和政府中都有很高的就业率。此外，HQP将有机会与致力于保护全球地下水供应的国际研究人员网络合作。