Towards a detailed understanding of galaxy structure and evolution

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This Discovery Grant (DG) addresses global predictions of cosmologically-motivated galaxy formation models, with a focus on the study and calibration of galaxy dynamical properties (observed and simulated), the scaling relations of galaxies and their ability to constrain the nature of dark matter, the distribution of visible and dark matter in galaxies, and whether numerical simulations reproduce galaxies like our own accurately, and have predictive power. One of the major goals of this DG is to complete the first-ever volume-limited homogeneous census of the dynamics of galaxies from the most massive ones to tiny dwarfs. Only with complete and rigorous surveys of this kind can the latest models and simulations of galaxy formation be accurately tested. My methodology follows a multi-faceted approach to: i) address fundamental questions about galaxy structure and formation; ii) secure and analyze the most reliable and relevant multi-wavelength information for galaxies in all environments; iii) harness semi-analytical and hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation; iv) contrast the simulated and observed data against each other to improve the models that describe them and bridge the gap between observations and theory; and v) bring together outstanding colleagues and students to work as a team and spark new discoveries. Parallel programs include: (i) the determination of the physical parameters that control super-massive black hole growth in the center of galaxies; (ii) training Canadian and international HQP about conducting observational programs on some of the largest telescopes in the world; (iii) developing with the McDonald Institute an extensive outreach program in astronomy, particle astrophysics, and science literacy; and (iv) facilitating timely and influential scientific debates via international conferences and high impact reviews. The significance of this research has translated into numerous invited lectures and reviews at major research centers, universities, and scientific symposia around the world. The training of HQP (41 listed; 21 males, 20 females) is central to my work and research philosophy. Indeed, the bulk of this grant and my overall research efforts is to support, train, and empower HQP.  All of my papers include at least one current or former student. My students publish well-cited research papers and secure competitive graduate and post-graduate scholarships, as well as long-term employment in STEM related fields or outreach. As the Astronomy Seminars and Journals Club coordinator since 2004, and Physics Graduate Chair since 2009, I foster a vibrant research environment in our department. The outreach activities that I arrange (e.g. as Queen's Observatory Director, "Westar Lecturer" for the Canadian Astronomical Society, and McDonald Institute associate) further enhance this effort. This Discovery Grant will support a minimum of ten undergraduate, seven Masters, and five doctoral students.