Adapting wheat to stressful environments: Identifying key transpiration efficiency components reducing day-time water loss and heat stress linked to yield

使小麦适应压力环境：确定关键的蒸腾效率组成部分，减少与产量相关的白天水分流失和热应激

• 批准号: 570351-2021
• 负责人: Tanino, KarenK
• 金额: $ 11.17万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=763582
• 关键词: Adapting; wheat; stressful; environments; Identifying

The overall goal of the partnership is to provide breeders with more specific selection criteria to more quickly release new cultivars which can better withstand multiple stresses (drought and heat stress) and which have greater yield stability. This directly supports our two cash funding partners, Sask Wheat and the Alberta Wheat & Barley Commission (AWC). SaskWheat aims to reduce environmental impact to enhance wheat producers' profitability, and AWC seeks to improve grain yield in normal and abiotic stress situations. In the prairies, climate is expected to continue to be more hot and dry with extreme weather events. In the field, drought stress is normally accompanied by heat stress and the combination of drought and heat stress is more common and six times more costly than each stress alone (Lamaoui et al. 2018; Mittler 2006). However, few if any studies have combined both drought and heat stress in the field on any crops. This project will establish a unique high tunnel field facility examining both drought and heat stress in a factorial combination (3 levels of drought stress × 3 levels of heat stress). The key plant response of Transpiration Efficiency (TE) is broadly defined as biomass produced per unit water transpired and essentially integrates the 90 collective traits identified by Casadebaig et al. (2016) in wheat. Our comprehensive study will examine: 1) shoot/leaf/rachis architecture/ultrastructural characteristics, 2) aquaporins and 3) cuticular waxes controlling TE at 10 days pre-anthesis through to the end of grain filling. The parameters investigated will primarily target those phenotypic and physiologic responses demonstrated to have a high heritability index and/or have been linked to grain yield. Hyperspectral imaging will also be incorporated to advance high throughput analysis linked to key traits (see Hein et al. 2021 for a review). Finally, both Night-Time and Day-Time TE parameters will be integrated to identify those common Day and Night Time factors which significantly increase TE under stress and are linked to yield resilience to both heat and drought stress through this physiological breeding approach.

该伙伴关系的总体目标是为育种者提供更具体的选择标准，以更快地推出能够更好地抵御多重胁迫(干旱和高温)并具有更高产量稳定性的新品种。这直接支持了我们的两个现金资助合作伙伴，SASK小麦和艾伯塔省小麦与大麦委员会(AWC)。萨斯卡小麦旨在减少对环境的影响，以提高小麦生产者的盈利能力，而AWC则寻求在正常和非生物胁迫情况下提高谷物产量。在草原上，随着极端天气事件的发生，气候预计将继续变得更加炎热和干燥。在野外，干旱胁迫通常伴随着高温胁迫，干旱和高温胁迫的组合更为常见，其代价是单独施加一种胁迫的六倍(Lamaoui等人)。2018年；Mittler 2006年)。然而，很少有研究将田间干旱和高温对任何作物的胁迫结合起来。该项目将建立一个独特的高隧道野外设施，以因子组合(3级干旱胁迫×3级高温胁迫)来检测干旱和高温胁迫。蒸腾效率(TE)的关键植物响应被广泛地定义为每单位蒸腾水分产生的生物量，本质上综合了Casadebai等人确定的90个集体性状。(2016)在小麦中。我们的综合研究将考察：1)茎/叶/轴结构/超微结构特征，2)水孔蛋白和3)角质蜡控制开花前10天至灌浆结束的TE。所研究的参数将主要针对那些被证明具有较高遗传力指数和/或与谷物产量有关的表型和生理反应。还将结合高光谱成像来推进与关键特征相关的高通量分析(见Hein等人)。2021年进行审查)。最后，综合夜间和白天的TE参数，以确定在胁迫下显著增加TE的常见的白天和夜间因素，并通过这种生理育种方法与产量对高温和干旱胁迫的恢复力相关联。