Visual Perspective in Memories for Events

据估计，全世界每天有9300万张自拍（即带相机自拍）。当我们自拍时，我们在有意识的体验中不经意地改变了我们的视觉视角——看到的是当下的自己，而不是直接体验它。由于Skype、视频游戏和沉浸式虚拟现实等技术的进步，我们的视觉视角的这种转变现在无处不在。然而，同时出现在两个地方可能不利于我们形成对经历的持久记忆。目前的提案将研究从多个视觉角度形成记忆如何影响对现实世界事件产生长期记忆的特征和大脑机制。该项目将利用沉浸式虚拟现实耳机，在人们形成对现实世界事件的三维360度视频的记忆时，操纵视觉视角。然后，它将测试从多个视觉角度形成记忆如何影响主观评分和记忆的准确性，以及支持记忆形成的相关大脑区域。该项目的完成将通过提供记忆中视觉视角起源的全貌来显著推进记忆理论。这项基础研究的结果将有助于解决未来关于精神健康中视觉视角障碍的争论。更广泛地说，理解记忆中视觉视角的机制可能会为社会问题（如冲突、刻板印象、种族关系和同理心）带来积极的变化，因为它提供了一种通过采用另一种视觉视角来理解世界的新方法。

A staggering 93 million selfies (i.e., a self-portrait with a camera) are estimated to be taken worldwide each day. When we take selfies we inadvertently shift our visual perspective during conscious experience-seeing ourselves in the moment rather than directly experiencing it. Such shifts in our visual perspective are now ubiquitous due to advances in technology, such as Skype, video games, and immersive virtual reality. However, being in two places at once may be detrimental to how we form durable memories of our experiences. The current proposal will investigate how forming memories from multiple visual perspectives influences the characteristics and brain mechanisms that contribute to long-term memories for real-world events. This project will manipulate visual perspective while people form memories for three-dimensional, 360° videos of real-world events that are presented using an immersive virtual reality headset. It will then test how forming memories from multiple visual perspectives influences subjective ratings and the accuracy of memories, and the associated brain regions that support the formation of memories. Completion of the project will significantly advance memory theory by providing a full picture of the origin of visual perspective in memories. The results from this basic research will provide findings that may help to resolve debate regarding visual perspective impairments in mental health in the future. More widely, understanding the mechanisms underpinning visual perspective in memory might lead to positive change in societal issues (e.g., conflict, stereotypes, race relations, and empathy) by offering a new way to understand the world through adopting an alternative visual perspective.