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Molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress tolerance in plants

植物抗氧化胁迫的分子机制

基本信息

批准号：
RGPIN-2017-05256
负责人：
Houde, Mario
金额：
$ 1.89万
依托单位：
Université du Québec à Montréal
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=765205
关键词：
Molecular mechanisms oxidative stress tolerance

项目摘要

In plants, oxidative stress is a common response to different stresses such as heat, cold, high-light, drought, osmotic shock, wounding, UV-B radiation, ozone, aluminum and pathogens. Together, these stresses cause major losses to several crops in Canada. We identified a subfamily of wheat transcription factors (TF) containing at least 53 members (named TaZFPs) that could play an important role in regulating plant responses to oxidative stress. Our results showed that most (52/53) members of this family are up-regulated by different abiotic stresses and two of them are associated to Al tolerance. In other species such as rice and Arabidopsis, the overexpression of specific members of this gene subfamily was shown to improve tolerance to oxidative stress and other abiotic stresses such as salt and drought stresses. However, the most important members of this gene subfamily remain to be identified in wheat.Our long term goal is to develop efficient strategies to improve tolerance to oxidative stress, a major component of various abiotic and biotic stresses. Our working hypothesis is that specific wheat members of the TaZFP subfamily can improve tolerance to oxidative stress and enhance cross-tolerance to a variety of other stresses.Our first short term objective is to “determine the function of selected TaZFP family members that are associated to oxidative stress” by function studies in wheat. We have recently demonstrated that the Barley Stripe Mosaic Virus (BSMV) can be used to rapidly and uniformly overexpress small genes. We will characterize the two TaZFPs associated to Al tolerance and initiate the characterization of TaZFPs genes that are strongly up-regulated by different abiotic stresses using the improved BSMV protocol. This approach avoids the need to produce transgenic plants and allows a rapid asessment of their ability to increase tolerance to Al and other abiotic stresses.Our second objective is to “identify upstream transcription factors (TF) that regulate TaZFPs”. The promoters of the most important TaZFPs as determined in our first objective will be used to isolate upstream TFs using one-hybrid screening in yeast. These factors may regulate more than one TaZFPs and provide more efficient strategies to improve oxidative stress tolerance.Our third objective is to “determine the function of selected miRNAs in Al/oxidative stress tolerance”. We have identified several miRNAs that are associated to Al tolerance and can target genes of potential interest for oxidative stress tolerance. We will validate the ability of these miRNAs to affect the expression of the predicted targets in vivo and to improve stress tolerance by using the BSMV system.Overall, this knowledge will help design appropriate molecular markers to improve tolerance to different abiotic stresses. This will help support breeders in producing wheat varieties with improved productivity under adverse conditions.

在植物中，氧化胁迫是对不同胁迫如热、冷、强光、干旱、渗透压休克、创伤、UV-B辐射、臭氧、铝和病原体的常见反应。总之，这些压力对加拿大的几种作物造成重大损失。我们鉴定了一个包含至少53个成员的小麦转录因子（TF）亚家族（TaZFPs），它在调节植物对氧化胁迫的反应中发挥重要作用。我们的研究结果表明，该家族的大多数（52/53）成员在不同的非生物胁迫下表达上调，其中两个成员与耐铝性有关。在其他物种如水稻和拟南芥中，该基因亚家族的特定成员的过表达显示出提高对氧化胁迫和其他非生物胁迫如作为盐和干旱胁迫的耐受性。然而，该基因亚家族中最重要的成员仍有待确定在小麦中。我们的长期目标是发展有效的策略，以提高对氧化胁迫的耐受性，各种非生物和生物胁迫的主要组成部分。我们的工作假设是TaZFP亚家族的特定小麦成员可以提高对氧化胁迫的耐受性，并增强对各种其他胁迫的交叉耐受性。我们的第一个短期目标是通过对小麦的功能研究，“确定与氧化胁迫相关的所选TaZFP家族成员的功能”。我们最近证明了大麦条纹花叶病毒（BSMV）可用于快速、均匀地过表达小基因。我们将表征与铝耐受性相关的两个TaZFPs，并使用改进的BSMV方案开始表征由不同非生物胁迫强烈上调的TaZFPs基因。这种方法避免了生产转基因植物的需要，并允许快速评估其提高对Al和其他非生物胁迫的耐受性的能力。我们的第二个目标是“鉴定调控TaZFPs的上游转录因子（TF）”。在我们的第一个目标中确定的最重要的TaZFP的启动子将用于在酵母中使用单杂交筛选分离上游TF。这些因子可能调控不止一种TaZFPs，并为提高氧化应激耐受性提供了更有效的策略。我们的第三个目标是“确定所选miRNAs在Al/氧化应激耐受性中的功能”。我们已经鉴定了几种与Al耐受性相关的miRNA，并且可以靶向氧化应激耐受性的潜在感兴趣的基因。我们将利用BSMV系统验证这些miRNAs在体内影响预测靶标表达的能力以及提高胁迫耐受性的能力，这些知识将有助于设计合适的分子标记来提高对不同非生物胁迫的耐受性。这将有助于支持育种者在不利条件下生产提高产量的小麦品种。