Community-based alternative urban transportation decarbonization pathways and co-benefits for climate resilience, air quality, health, and equity

基于社区的替代城市交通脱碳途径以及对气候适应力、空气质量、健康和公平的共同效益

• 批准号: 577085-2022
• 负责人: Hosseini, VahidV
• 金额: $ 29.83万
• 依托单位: Simon Fraser University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=765831
• 关键词: Community; based; alternative; urban; transportation

As municipalities develop action plans to meet zero-emission targets, opportunities exist to reduce urban vehicle kilometres travelled (VkT). Although fleet electrification is a focus of past and current research and policy, pathways to decarbonize mobility must not focus on electrification alone. Opportunities to reduce VkT are significant enough to (a) reduce emissions, (b) reduce the immediate need for extensive private vehicle electrification, and (c) provide climate resiliency benefits while advancing other community goals. Diversifying mobility options are expected to enhance overall community resilience and sustainability. This project will advance Canadian knowledge and tools to inform community decision-making processes to achieve net-zero objectives by investigating alternate transportation pathways. This research will develop an integrated environmental assessment tool to support community-based transportation plans that aim to (a) achieve zero-emission objectives based on smarter more active mobility options and (b) incorporate climate-oriented planning from a resilience, health, and livability perspective, and (c) showcase equitable benefits of decarbonization investment. The interdisciplinary team of researchers from mechanical engineering, earth and atmospheric science, civil engineering, public policy, urban planning, and environmental health will contribute to developing elements of the integrated modelling system. The research will address critical knowledge gaps in community planning and design for the interconnectivity of and trade-offs between emerging vehicle technologies, diverse transportation modes, emissions reduction targets, atmospheric chemical reactions, infrastructure and service resilience under a rapidly changing climate, and aim to identify co-benefits in terms of reduced health impacts, air pollution exposure disparities, and overall increased livability. This research answer the question: What can Canadian communities do to dramatically reduce the transportation emissions, crucial for achieving net-zero targets by 2050, build resilience in the sector and community, and advance additional community health and livability benefits?

随着市政当局制定行动计划来实现零排放目标，减少城市车辆行驶公里数 (VkT) 的机会就存在。尽管车队电气化是过去和当前研究和政策的重点，但交通脱碳的途径绝不能仅关注电气化。减少 VkT 的机会非常重要，足以 (a) 减少排放，(b) 减少对大规模私家车电气化的迫切需求，以及 (c) 在推进其他社区目标的同时提供气候弹性效益。多样化的出行选择预计将增强社区的整体弹性和可持续性。该项目将推进加拿大的知识和工具，为社区决策过程提供信息，通过调查替代运输路径来实现净零目标。这项研究将开发一个综合环境评估工具，以支持基于社区的交通计划，旨在（a）基于更智能、更积极的交通选择实现零排放目标，（b）从复原力、健康和宜居性的角度纳入以气候为导向的规划，以及（c）展示脱碳投资的公平效益。来自机械工程、地球和大气科学、土木工程、公共政策、城市规划和环境健康的跨学科研究人员团队将致力于开发集成建模系统的要素。该研究将解决快速变化的气候下社区规划和设计中新兴车辆技术、多样化交通方式、减排目标、大气化学反应、基础设施和服务弹性之间的互联和权衡方面的关键知识差距，并旨在确定减少健康影响、空气污染暴露差异和整体提高宜居性方面的共同效益。 这项研究回答了这样一个问题：加拿大社区可以采取哪些措施来大幅减少交通排放（这对于到 2050 年实现净零排放目标至关重要）、增强行业和社区的抵御能力，并促进额外的社区健康和宜居效益？