石生真菌（Rock-inhabiting fungi）是指生活在岩石上的具有产黑色素及以无性繁殖为主的特殊微生物，因菌落微小致密、生长缓慢及缺乏形态诊断特征而常被忽略。申请人前期的研究表明，溶洞不仅是生物多样性研究的热点，而且也是蕴含石生真菌资源的关键地域，但其分子系统学不明，严重制约该类群的近一步开发利用。本研究拟结合真菌分类学、矿物学及生物信息学分析，以溶洞石生真菌多样性为切入点，开展三方面的研究：1）利用分离培养及多基因联合鉴定方法，确定溶洞可培养石生真菌系统发育关系；2）利用高通量测序技术，明确石生真菌类群分布及其与岩石矿物组分的关系；3）利用农作物病原真菌，筛选出高效生防菌株并确定其化学活性与基因组的潜在关系。通过这些工作，为开发利用溶洞石生真菌及石质文物、遗迹保护提供理论依据。

Rock-inhabiting fungi (RIF) are peculiar organisms that apparently lack sexual reproductive structures and form compact, melanised colonies on bare rock surfaces. However, RIF have often been overlooked due to their small size, slow growth and the lack of diagnostic features for its complicated morphological characters. Our previous studies confirmed that karst caves might not only a hotspot in biodiversity, but also a key area where host RIF resources. But, molecular systematics of RIF in caves is still unknown, which seriously restricts the further utilization of this group. Therefore, a combination of fungal taxonomy, mineralogy and bioinformatics were aimed to: 1). in-depth explore the diversity and molecular systematics of RIF using multigene phylogenetic analyses; 2) reveal the relationships between RIF communities and mineral compositions and 3) screening of antagonistic strains of RIF for crop pathogens and address a new insight into characteristics of the efficient biocontrol strains under the level of chemical activities and genomes. The results will also be contributed to development and utilization of RIF in karst caves and cultural heritage conservation.