椎体后上缘骨折块(RBF)的形成是胸腰椎爆裂性骨折时椎管狭窄和神经功能损伤的重要原因。而老年人骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折中，伤椎椎体内裂隙征并不少见。目前对于二者的研究多集中在力学机制或临床治疗方面。解剖学上影响椎体强度的因素很多，相关研究也较多，但是，对于影响椎体强度基本因素之一的椎基静脉孔(Basivertebral venous foramen BF)的研究相对较少。BF位于椎体后方，是椎基静脉、动脉和神经进出椎体的孔道。本研究拟通过CT三维重建、有限元分析、生物力学试验等方法，对BF的解剖特征进行研究，探讨该解剖结构对于椎体生物力学强度、胸腰椎骨折时RBF以及对骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折中椎体内裂隙征形成的影响；并通过对临床骨折病例的影像学分析，进一步验证其在RBF或椎体内裂隙征形成中的意义。本研究将首次从BF角度阐述胸腰椎骨折时RBF或椎体内裂隙征形成的可能机制。

The formation of retropulsed bone fragment in thoracolumbar burst fracture can cause stenosis of spinal canal and result in neurological deficits, meanwhile, in the the osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, the intravertebral clefts is not uncommon. Currently, the researches on the two phenomenons mainly focus on the biomechanics or clinical management, and rarely focus on the anatomical features and bone mineral density of the vertebra which are the basic factor for the vertebral strength. Basivertebral venous foramen （BF） lies in the posterior portion of the vertebral body, through which, the basivertebral vein,artery and nerve passing. This project will study the anatomical feature of BF by means of CT-3D reconstruction, finite element analysis, biomechanical test and so forth, to investigate the influence of BF on the formation of the retropulsed bone fragment in thoracolumbar burst fracture or the intravertebral clefts in osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture; furthermore, to assess its relevance to the retropulsed bone fragment or to the intravertebral clefts, in vitro and in vivo.to our knowledge, it is the first research to study the mechanism of the formation of the retropulsed bone fragment in thoracolumbar burst fracture or of the intravertebral clefts in osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture