外周神经病理性疼痛类疾病（NP）发病率高且难以根治，用当归四逆汤疗效良好。温度敏感TRP通道是触发NP外周敏化的点火装置。前期研究发现，当归四逆汤具有双向调节作用：既能抑制TRP冷通道改善冷痛敏，也能抑制TRP热通道改善其热和机械痛敏。本研究提出工作假说：“当归四逆汤对NP的治疗作用，其主要机制可能基于artemin/GFRα3调控从而抑制DRG中的TRP通道，阻止外周敏化。”拟应用动物行为学、分子生物学、组织病理学等技术，观察当归四逆汤全方、单味药、温热药组合、寒凉药组合对不同性质痛敏的干预效果，DRG上冷、热TRP通道表达变化；并重点研究该方对冷、热TRP通道均有调控作用的上游靶点artemin/GFRα3，及其调控途径p38MAPK的镇痛分子机制。诠释温热药、寒凉药分别治疗寒痛、热痛，及其全方配伍的科学内涵；预期成果将不仅为该方临床精准用方提供依据，也为该复方配伍提供实验依据。

The incidence of peripheral neuropathic pain like disease is high and difficult to cure. The temperature sensitive TRP channel is the ignition device that triggers the peripheral sensitization of NP. Danggui Sini decoction has bidirectional regulation effect: it can inhibit the cold channel of TRP to improve the cold pain sensitivity, but also can inhibit the hot channel of TRP to improve its heat and mechanical pain sensitivity. This study proposed a working hypothesis: "the therapeutic effect of Danggui Sini decoction on NP may be based on the regulation of artemin/GFR α 3 to inhibit the TRP channel in DRG and prevent peripheral sensitization."We will use animal behavior, molecular biology, histopathology and other techniques to observe the intervention effect of prophylactic taking Danggui Sini decoction, single medicine, warm medicine combination, cold medicine combination on different properties of pain sensitivity. Changes in the expression of TRP cold and hot channels on DRG neurons。The analgesic molecular mechanism of the upstream target artemin/GFR α 3, which regulates both cold and hot TRP channels, and its regulatory pathway p38 MAPK was studied.To explain the scientific connotation of treating cold pain with warm heat medicine and heat pain with cold cooling medicine and its compatibility, the expected results will not only provide the basis for clinical accurate use of this prescription, but also provide experimental basis for its compatibility.