中国日本三角涡虫种群遗传结构及谱系地理研究

日本三角涡虫是世界上涡虫再生与发育研究的模式生物，也是我国分布广，数量多的淡水涡虫物种。该物种扩散能力弱，是种群遗传学及谱系地理学研究的理想模型。目前，我国的涡虫研究除了分类领域之外，均是以日本三角涡虫为实验动物开展再生、发育、干细胞、毒理等方面的工作，而涡虫种群遗传、谱系地理及保护生物学方面的工作尚属空白。微卫星DNA（SSR）和线粒体分子标记是研究种群遗传、谱系地理格局及迁移扩散规律的重要手段。本项目拟基于微卫星和线粒体分子标记，揭示日本三角涡虫在我国的种群遗传结构和谱系地理格局，探讨不同地理种群的遗传多样性、遗传分化、现今地理格局的形成原因、可能的起源和迁移扩散路线，以期为该物种的资源保护提供科学指导。

Dugesia japonica is the model organism for studies on planarian regeneration and development in the world. This species has wide distribution and large population numbers in China. Due to its low dispersal ability, D. japonica is also an ideal model for population genetic and phylogeographic studies. At present, researches on planarian in China, except taxonomy, mainly focus on regeneration, development, stem cells and toxicology with D. japonica as the experimental animal, while population genetics, phylogeography and conservation biology of planarians are still blank. Microsatellite DNA (SSR) and mitochondria molecular markers are important tools for investigating population genetic and phylogeographical questions. Based on these markers, this project aims to disclose the population genetic structure, phylogeographical pattern, migration routes of D. japonica in China, and to explore the mechanisms underlying these patterns. This study will provide scientific guidelines for conservation of D. japonica.