中华按蚊嗅觉系统在溴氰菊酯抗性形成中的作用

疟疾防治最主要的措施是使用拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂防蚊灭蚊以切断传播途径。在杀虫剂长期的选择压力下，蚊虫不仅形成抗性，其行为还发生改变，以避免与杀虫剂接触。前期研究发现溴氰菊酯抗、感蚊虫间的回避行为和嗅觉基因表达模式不一样，而且击倒抗性基因（kdr）的突变类型不同，其回避行为也有差异。但是，嗅觉基因表达谱的改变是否与回避行为和kdr突变有关仍不清楚。本项目拟全基因组鉴定中华按蚊的嗅觉基因，通过转录组测序分析嗅觉基因在抗感蚊虫之间的差异表达，筛选结合溴氰菊酯的气味结合蛋白；采集不同地理区域的中华按蚊，通过抗性生测、kdr突变检测、行为测定、触角电位和基因表达分析等，研究中华按蚊嗅觉与溴氰菊酯抗性蚊的kdr突变类型和回避行为之间的关系。本项目将阐明嗅觉在蚊虫溴氰菊酯抗药性形成中的作用，研究结果有利于了解蚊虫抗性形成的机理，对于疟疾的防控具有重要价值。

The strong selection pressure of insecticides not only contributes to the development of insecticide resistance, but also affects mosquitoes’ behaviour, resulting in behavioral avoidance. There is persuasive evidence demonstrating that the expression patterns of mosquito olfactory genes were different between deltamethrin-resistant and -susceptive mosquitoes. Moreover, the avoidance behavior varied with the knockdown resistance (kdr) gene mutation and resistance level. However, what the relation among them is not clear. In this study, genome-wide identification and characterization of olfactory-related genes will be performed. Differential expression profilings are to be investigated through transciptomic analysis, and high deltamethrin affinity odorant-binding protein genes will be screened through fluorescence competitive binding assays. Mosquitos will be collected from different geographical regions to analyze the relationships of olfactorey system of dltamethrin-resistant mosquitos with kdr mutations and behavioral avoidance by susceptibility test, kdr mutation detection, behavioral avoidance observation, electroantennogram recording and olfactory-related gene expression profiling analysis. Based on these researches above, the roles of mosquito olfaction in the development of resistance will be elucidated, thus would help to understand the mechanisms of insecide-resistance and be highly valuable for malaria vector control.