产生地面大风（包括龙卷和下击暴流）的超级单体、飑线等对流系统尺度小、突发性强、监测和预警难度大，高时空分辨率的雷达观测和相关研究有助于提高大风的预警能力，减小造成的财产损失和人员伤亡。本项目利用X波段相控阵天气雷达，结合业务X波段双线偏振雷达网和稠密的地面观测系统，对华南地区产生地面大风的超级单体、飑线系统的精细结构和演变过程进行综合观测，希望能够捕捉到龙卷、下击暴流过程数据；利用小于1分钟时间间隔的雷达数据，开展对流系统内部动力、微物理特征综合研究，分析中气旋、中层辐合和急流、上升和下沉气流等细微结构、演变过程，分析龙卷和地面大风产生的先兆，探讨高时空分辨率的相控阵天气雷达在龙卷预警中的应用方法。项目目标是建立华南强对流天气精细结构综合观测数据集，形成对强对流中小尺度结构和演变的综合观测方法，提高对强对流系统精细结构和演变的认识水平，给出龙卷、下击暴流等类型的地面大风预警的先兆特征。

The convective systems such as supercell and squall line, which can generate damaging winds (including tornado and downburst), are in small scales and may evolve rapidly. Therefore it is difficult to watch, forecast and warn. The high-resolution radar observation and relevant research about thunderstorms can strengthen the damaging wind warning ability and minimize the loss.　In this project, the field experiment on fine structures and evolutions of severe convective systems will be conducted in South China with X band phased-array Doppler radar, operational X band polarization radar network and automatic meteorological observing stations. We will examine the dynamical and microphysical process in convective systems, e.g. mesocyclone, mid-tropospheric convergence, jet flow, updraft and downdrafts. The high temporal–resolution phased-array radar data are used for understanding of rapidly evolving features and warning of tornadoes. The objects of this project are to produce the database of high temporal–resolution radar data for severs convective systems in South China, improve the understanding of finer-scale structures and evolving features, propose radar precursor signatures for warning tornado and downburst.