云降水滴谱分布和空气上升速度是云物理、人工影响天气和中尺度对流系统研究，建立和检验数值模式云降水参数化方案的重要指标。仅仅依靠单波段云雷达的多普勒功率谱数据很难准确反演这些物理量，特别是对流云。本项目利用垂直指向的Ka/Ku双波段云雷达，结合其他波段的雷达、地面雨滴谱和飞机观测，开展华南层状云和对流云垂直廓线观测。研究云雷达观测参数对多普勒功率谱的影响，基于雨滴谱分布的多普勒功率谱数据的衰减订正、速度退模糊等质量控制方法；研究层状云的雨滴谱、空气上升速度、粒子下落速度的反演方法，尝试对流云参数的反演；与地面滴谱仪和飞机观测结果比较，分析反演效果的合理性；初步分析典型过程的云降水的微物理和动力参数结构。项目目标是提出固态发射机体制的Ka/Ku波段云雷达观测模式，建立基于功率谱数据的质量控制方法，空气上升速度和雨滴谱等参数反演方法，提高对云降水微物理和动力结构及其演变的探测能力。

As microphysical and dynamic factors, drop size distributions and air vertical velocities play an important role in cloud physics and mesoscale meteorology, development and examinations of cloud microphysics parameterization schemes in numerical models, weather modifications. Due to the effects of attenuation, turbulent and minimum observated reflectivity on Doppler spectra, it is difficult to retrieve accurately these parameters from single wavelength cloud radar, especially for convective cloud. In this project, the field experiment on fine vertical microphysical and dynamic structures and evolutions in stratus and convective systems will be conducted in South China with Ka/Ku dual wavelength cloud radar, cooperated by other wavelength vertical pointing radars, disdrometers and airplane observations. We will analyze the effects of radar observation parameters on Doppler spectra, develop attenuation correction methods based on raindrop size distribution, Doppler spectra dealiasing with different work modes, develop retrieval methods of vertical velocity and raindrop size distributions for stratus and explore convective cloud’s retrieve, and examine the retrieval results. Base on these results, the structures of these parameters in precipitations will be analyzed. The objects of this project are to propose observation modes for Ka/Ku dual wavelength solid-state transmitter cloud radar, develop methods for Doppler spectra quality control and retrieval methods for microphysical and dynamic parameters, improve the cloud and precipitation observation ability and provide methods and technical support for development of dual wavelength cloud radar.