以液相化学法制备的二氧化硅微球为模板，在水热条件下通过界面反应调控合成具有介孔结构的硅酸盐空心球。二氧化硅既作为形成空腔的核模板，又作为硅源参与反应生成硅酸盐产物壳层。研究合成工艺参数，如反应物过渡金属（Ni、Cu、Mn、Fe）盐的种类、反应物浓度、反应物与模板配比、反应温度、反应时间等对产物组成、表面微结构、介孔尺寸等的影响规律，探讨界面反应调控机制及合成机理；系统研究硅酸盐中空材料的还原性能及催化加氢性能，研究还原条件对过渡金属元素的还原度以及在二氧化硅载体上分散的影响规律，制备出具有介孔结构、金属组分高度分散的中空材料，为该材料的催化应用奠定基础。牺牲模板/界面反应法制备硅酸盐中空材料无需特殊工艺去除模板，产物形状、大小、壳厚易调控。该研究可为硅酸盐中空材料的设计、调控合成提供理论指导，对催化新材料的开发具有重要的科学意义。

Silica microsphere will be synthesized by liquid chemical method and be used as a template to prepare silicate hollow materials with mesoporous structure under the hydrothermal condition. Furthermore, silica is not only as a hard template, but also as a silica source to form the silicate shell. The synthesis parameters, such as the type of transition metalic salts (Ni、Cu、Mn、Fe etc.), the reactants concentration, the mole ratio of reactant to template, reaction temperature and time etc. will be studied, which is helpful to understand the influence of composition, the surface structure and mesopore size on the synthesis mechanism and controllable interfacial reaction. The reduction and catalytic properties on hydrogenation of silicate hollow materials, the influence factor about the dispersion of transition metal on silica surpport and the reduction degree of transition metal would be investigated. Silicate hollow materials with mesoporous structure and well-dispersed metalic composition would be prepared for the good catalytic application. In comparison with the traditional synthesis of hollow materials, this sacrificing template/tunable interfacial reaction route can avoid subsequent complicated procedures for the removal of templates, moreover control of the morphology, size and shell thickness of as-synthesized products would be facile. This study can provide the theory direction for the design and controllable synthesis of silicate hollow materials, which is very signifacant on the explore of novel catalytic materials.