濒危植物香果树无性繁殖及其适应策略研究

香果树，是第四纪冰川幸存孑遗植物之一，为中国特有的单种属植物，是研究茜草科系统发育、形态演化及中国植物地理区系的重要材料。该物种主要分布于江西、福建、湖北、河南等省，由于现存数量有限，濒于灭绝，被列为国家Ⅱ级重点保护植物。本研究沿纬度梯度分别在武夷山、三清山、大别山以及伏牛山等设置样地，通过样地调查、定位观测等种群生殖生态学方法，研究香果树无性繁殖及其适应策略。研究内容主要包括：香果树分株的数量动态、分布格局、生长状况、分株的扩张规律等无性繁殖特征及其与环境因素及人为干扰的关系；香果树内源激素及可溶性糖的含量与无性繁殖器官萌芽力的关系；不同生境香果树萌生苗的扩展能力、适应能力及其个体水平适合度和基因水平适合度，旨在阐明无性繁殖在香果树种群恢复中的生态功能与作用，提出促进种群无性繁殖潜力的措施及种群恢复的对策，为香果树种群的恢复提供科学依据。

Emmenopterys henryi Oliv. is one of the surviving relict plant species of the Quaternary ice age and an important reference for studying phylogenesis and morphology evolution of Rubiaceae and Chinese geographical flora. Endemic to China, E. henryi Oliv is mainly distributed in Jiangxi, Fujian, Hubei, and Henan and listed as a national key plant species protected at Level II because it is in danger of extinction. In the present study, sample plots were located at Mounts Wuyi, Sanqing, Dabie, and Funiu at certain latitude intervals. Using sample plot survey, positioning observation, and other methods of population reproduction ecology, we investigated the asexual reproductive characteristics and adaptation strategy of E. henryi Oliv. The main content of this project includes ramet age class, distribution pattern, growth condition, expansion, influence of environmental factors and human disturbance, relationships between the contents of endogenous hormones and soluble sugars, sprouting ability of asexual reproductive organs, and adaption and expansion of sprouts to different habitats and their individual-level fitness and gene-level fitness. The purpose of this project is to clarify the ecological functions of asexual reproduction in population restoration and provide practical and feasible method and theoretical basis for the enhancement of asexual reproduction potential and population restoration of E. henryi Oliv.