濒危植物香果树实生苗定居的生态过程及其适合度研究

香果树，第四纪冰川幸存孑遗植物之一，为中国特有的单种属植物，是研究茜草科系统发育、形态演化及中国植物地理区系的重要材料。该物种由于现存数量有限，濒于灭绝，被列为国家Ⅱ级重点保护植物。本研究沿纬度梯度分别在武夷山、三清山、大别山以及伏牛山等设置样地，通过样地调查、定位观测等种群生殖生态学方法，研究香果树实生苗定居的生态过程及其适合度。研究内容主要包括：香果树种子萌发及影响因素；实生苗定居及初期生长及生物、非生物因子对其产生的影响；实生苗的生长状况、资源利用率、扩展力、竞争力、个体水平适合度及基因水平适合度，旨在探索其种子萌发率低的原因，分析香果树实生苗定居的规律、潜力及适合度，提出促进种群实生苗更新的有效措施及种群恢复的对策，为香果树种群的恢复提供科学依。

Emmenopterys henryi Oliv. is one of the surviving relict plant species of the Quaternary ice age and an important reference for studying phylogenesis and morphology evolution of Rubiaceae and Chinese geographical flora. Endemic to China, E. henryi Oliv is mainly distributed in Jiangxi, Fujian, Hubei, and Henan and listed as a national key plant species protected at Level II because it is in danger of extinction. In the present study, sample plots were located at Mounts Wuyi, Sanqing, Dabie, and Funiu at certain latitude intervals. Using sample plot survey, positioning observation, and other methods of population reproduction ecology, we investigated the ecological process of seedling establishment and fitness of E. henryi Oliv. The main content of this project includes E. henryi seed germination law, and influencing factors; settlement and initial growth of seedlings and effects of biological and abiotic factors; and the growth status, age structure, resource utilization rate, expansion, competitiveness, individual level fitness and gene level fitness of E. henryi seedlings. This paper aims to explore the reasons for the low seed germination rate and analyze its rule, potential, and fitness of its seedling establishment of E. henryi. Hence, the effective measures to promote seed regeneration and population restoration, which can provide a scientific basis for restoration of E. henryi population, is introduced.