发展不均衡是我国现阶段的主要社会问题之一，阻断日益凸显的经济不平等带来的消极影响，促进社会良性互动，需要政府管理部门和全民共同努力。目前鲜有心理学研究探讨经济不平等影响亲社会行为及其传递的机制。本项目通过四项研究(17项子研究)，基于社会互动，揭示经济不平等如何受社会阶层调节影响个体系统合理化，再影响亲社会行为实施者未来取向、接受者感恩情感、旁观者信任，进而影响亲社会行为及其传递的过程。采用多元化被试样本(青少年、职场成年人、网民、国家层面的民众等)和多样化方法(宏观数据分析、问卷调查、虚拟现实实验、追踪研究等)，整合多种理论观点(社会心理学的社会规范理论和系统合理化理论、发展心理学的亲社会行为发展理论、进化心理学的生命史理论等)，揭示经济不平等影响亲社会行为及其传递的机制，提出阻断消极影响、促进积极行为的手段，为实施社会心理治理，培育民众积极向善的心态提供科学建议。

Imbalanced development is one of the major social problems in China at the present stage. To prevent the negative effects of the increasingly prominent economic inequality and to promote benign social interactions, government regulators and all citizens should make joint efforts. Currently, there is little research exploring the underlying mechanisms of how economic inequality affects prosocial behavior and its transmission. Across four studies (17 sub-studies) based on social interactions, this research program seeks to reveal the process of how economic inequality is moderated by social class in predicting individuals’ system justification, which affects prosocial actors’ future orientation, recipients’ gratitude, and bystanders’ trust, and further promotes prosocial behavior and its transmission. Using diverse samples (e.g., teenagers, working adults, Internet users, and national-level data of samples from different countries) and various methods (e.g., macro database analysis, questionnaire survey, virtual reality experiment, and longitudinal study), and integrating theories from social, developmental, and evolutionary psychology (e.g., social norm theory, system justification theory, prosocial behavior development theory, and life history theory), this research reveals the mechanisms of how economic inequality affects prosocial behavior and its transmission, and proposes several means that prevent the negative influence of economic inequality and promote positive behaviors. Findings from this research will provide important practical implications for implementing psychosocial governance, and fostering positive and virtuous mentality of the general public.