微小RNA（miRNA）是成骨分化的重要调节因子，力学响应性miRNA在组织/细胞的力学生物学行为方面，有重要调节作用。因此，力学响应miRNA调节成骨分化及骨形成的课题，具有重要的研究价值。本课题在前期研究工作的基础上，分别向成骨细胞、骨细胞和在体骨组织施加可促进成骨分化或骨形成的力学载荷，采用miRNA芯片技术，筛选出力学响应miRNA，通过生物信息学方法预测这些miRNA的靶基因，利用3′端非翻译区基因片段克隆和荧光素酶报告基因检测系统，来验证靶基因，然后利用miRNA过表达及抑制技术，研究这些miRNA在力学载荷促进成骨分化中的调节作用，并通过动物模型验证其介导力学载荷促进骨形成的过程。本课题的开展，将筛选出在骨形成方面有重要调节作用的力学响应miRNA，并探讨其作用机理，为更全面揭示骨组织力学-生物学信号传导，筛选防治骨质疏松等骨病的miRNA新靶标，奠定基础。

MicroRNA (miRNA) is an important regulator of osteogenesis, and mechanoresponsive (mechanosensitive) miRNA play a great role in mechanobiological behaviour of tissue/cell. Therefore, mechanoresponsive miRNA regulating osteogenesis and bone formation is a very important task. In this study, base on our previous research, the mechanical loading, which can promote osteoblastic differentiation or bone formation, was applied on osteoblasts, osteocytes and in vivo bone tissue of mice. Using miRNA chip, the mechanoresponsive miRNAs were selected, the target genes of these miRNA were forecasted through bioinformatical methods, and the target genes were verified using clones of 3′untranslated region of genes and luciferase reporter genes assay system. Then, using overexpress and inhibition of miRNA, the involvement of these miRNAs in osteogenesis induced by mechanical loading was investigated. Additionally, through animal model, the mechanoresponsive miRNAs which regulate bone formation was confirmed. This study will select mechanoresponsive miRNAs which were involved in regulating bone formation, explore mechanism of the miRNAs regulating, and lay a good foundation for uncovering signal transduction between mechanical loading and biological response more thoroughly, and selecting more suitable miRNAs target for prevention and cure of bone-related disease such as osteoporosis.