化学农资施用的内在机理以及减控或替代方式研究

中国农业从传统走向现代，化学农资的广泛使用功不可没。在这一过程中，由于施用技术或能力不足，化学农资利用效率整体有限，“过量”施用导致了农村面源污染、生态环境恶化、农业生产不可持续等诸多必须面对的现实问题。为此，深入了解中国当前工业式现代农业中化学农资的施用情况，寻找科学合理的减控或替代方式，探索适合中国国情的农业绿色化生产之路就具有重要的现实意义。项目基于中国农村固定观察点长期跟踪观察的微观数据和实地田野调查情况，深入探究各类化学农资施用的内在机制，量化化资对农业生产的贡献，同时测算有机肥、生物农药、可降解地膜等绿色生产资料及完全的有机农业生产方式的生产、经济效益及推广应用可行性，并综合比较，提出合理可行的化学农资的减控或替代策略建议，以推动农业生产方式绿色化升级。

The extensive use of chemical agricultural production factors has made a great contribution to promote the development of Chinese agriculture from traditional to modern. However, due to the lack of application techniques or capabilities, the utilization efficiency of these production factors is limited overall. Their "excessive" use has led to many practical problems, such as rural non-point source pollution, deterioration of ecological environment, and unsustainable agricultural production. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to have a deep understanding of the application of chemical agricultural production factors in China's current industrial modern agriculture, find scientific and reasonable ways of control or substitution, and explore a green agricultural production path suited to China's national conditions. Based on the long-term tracking data of National Rural Fixed Observation Point and field investigation, this project will explore the internal mechanism of chemical agricultural production factors’ application, quantify their contribution to agricultural production. This research will also measure the productivity, economic benefits and application feasibility of organic fertilizer, biological pesticide, degradable plastic films and completely organic agricultural production mode. After a comprehensive comparison, we will propose the reasonable and feasible suggestions to control or substitute the use of chemical agricultural production factors and promote green upgrading of agricultural production.