中国在全球生物多样性保护中具有特殊的地位，建立自然保护区是我国开展生物多样性保护的重要手段，如何有效开展自然保护是当前面临的重要决策问题。本研究拟针对中国自然保护区空间分布不合理的现象，研究推动形成这一空间布局的驱动因素。研究将深度剖析我国不同级别、不同类型保护区的空间分布现状；并通过对自然保护区决策行为的经济分析，识别影响自然保护区决策的主要因素，提出理论猜想；在对自然保护区所在地的社会经济状况和条件进行整体的空间统计分析的基础上，通过建立空间计量模型，验证社会经济变量对自然保护区决策的影响和驱动关系，揭示自然保护区空间布局不合理和管理失效的根源，由此提出建设性的自然保护规划建议。本研究对于阐明自然保护区的建立与管理同地方社会经济状态之间的关系具有重要意义，将为自然保护区规划建设开辟一个新的研究视角，有利于促进国家将自然保护工作与国家、地方经济相结合，提高自然保护的效率和效果。

China has unique status for global biodiversity conservation. Designation of nature reserves is the most important action in biodiversity and ecosystem conservation in China.There is an urgent need to improve the efficiency of conservation efforts.In this direction, the aim of this study is to reveal the driving forces that form the current spatial distribution of China's nature reserves system based on economic analysis, and to seek planing and management strategies to improve the conservation efficiency. The study will start from analysing the pattern of decision behaviour of nature reserves to identify the potential driving factors behind the decision behaviour. By using China's Nature Reserve Inventory Data, with spatial analysis tools, this study will summarize the statistical characteristics of relevant social economic variables of nature reserves, and develop econometric model to test the relation of potential driving forces and the distribution of nature reserves. The result of this study will help decision makers to realize the key factors in the designation of nature reserves and the impacts of social economic condition on the decision and management of nature reserves. This research call for an integration of nature conservation and local social economic conditions, which is very crucial in forming an effective and efficient conservation system.