我国传统上是一个农业大国。虽然我国的农村建设已经取得了诸多显著的成就，但也出现了一些严峻的社会问题。生计的概念已经成为发展中国家削减贫困的重要理论框架，从生计视角来解读社会变迁具有重要的现实意义。在世界范围内，农业革新和非农就业是农户增收的主要手段，但农户如何选择（或协调）农业革新和非农就业，目前的认识还存在很大的不确定性。河南省是我国主要的农业大省，其农业系统正在发生着剧烈的变化，河南省也是我国主要的劳务输出大省，非农就业在河南省农户生计系统中占有重要地位。因此，本项目拟选取河南省为研究对象，将农业革新和非农就业整合在生计概念之下，通过在河南全省的广泛调查和省内典型村落的深入调查相结合的方法，探究河南省农业革新和非农就业的发生、发展过程及其社会经济影响。对该过程的深入研究将进一步减小对当前农户生计策略认识中的不确定性，也将在很大程度上提高对河南省农村地区发展趋势判断的准确性。

China is traditionally an agricultural country. Although rural construction in China has achieved many significant achievements, some social problems still appeared. The concept of livelihood has gained ground as an important theoretical framework facilitating active and direct support to small-scale farmers in developing countries, and definitely, understanding social changes from the perspective of livelihood has practical significance. In the world, agricultural innovation and off-farm employment are posited as important ways to increase rural income. However, so far, it is still unclear that how farmers choose (or coordinate) agricultural innovation and off-farm employment. Henan Province is an important agricultural province in China, and is undergoing dramatic agricultural system change. Additionally, off-farm employment plays an important role in the livelihood system of farmers in Henan Province. This study will focus on Henan Province, and under the paradigm of integrating agricultural innovation and off-farm employment as parts of livelihood systems, the development process of agricultural innovation and off-farm employment, and their social-economic impact in Henan Province will be explored through a combination of province-level field survey and in-depth village study. This study will improve the present understanding of rural household livelihood strategies, and significantly promote the accuracy of judging the development trend in rural areas of Henan Province.