黄河下游灌区农业用水供需矛盾突出，灌溉水利用率也不高，气候变化以及农业活动给下游灌区带来了一系列的生态环境问题。本研究以黄河下游灌区为对象，通过开展灌溉试验，在田间试验的基础上研究不同灌溉下限标准对作物水分关系的影响；利用田间实测的作物生长参数、作物产量、土壤水分动态数据，以及区域上的作物产量、遥感监测蒸散发数据、土壤水分动态数据等，对适用于灌区的SWAT模型进行站点上以及区域上的识别、验证和评价。基于适用于灌区的SWAT模型模拟，在灌区尺度上探讨在未来气候变化条件下，不同的灌溉方式对灌区水循环以及作物生产力的时空分布影响；并在分析未来气候变化条件包括极端气候对灌区的作物水分生产力影响的基础上，为灌区主要作物制定出经济合理的灌溉制度。本研究为提高灌区水资源的高效利用、探讨灌区农业水资源的合理调调配与管理方法等有积极意义。

In the Irrigation Districts along the lower reaches of the Yellow River, the contradiction between the supply and demand of agricultural water resource is outstanding and the irrigation utilization efficiency is not high, climate change and agriculture activities have brought a series of ecological and environmental problems. In this study, based on the field irrigation experiment, the influences of different types of irrigation limit on the relation between crop and soil water will be studied. By collecting the data, the improved SWAT model will be established for the Irrigation Districts in the Lower Reach of Yellow River, and will be calibrated, validated and assessed by the field experiment data of crop growth parameters, crop yield and soil water, and regional evapotranspiration and soil water based on remote sensing data. Based on the simulation by the improved SWAT, the influences of climate change and different irrigation regimes on crop productivity and water balance of our study area will be discussed. Based on the simulation results, an economical and rational irrigation regime for main crops in the study area will be established. This study has a significant meaning for the improvement of effective utilization, the rational distribution and management of agricultural water resources.