大气中细颗粒物的主要来源之一是燃煤电厂烟气，电除尘是现行燃煤电厂应用最广泛的烟气除尘技术。电除尘器内气流的流动状态决定着粒子的运动轨迹，是确定粒子被捕集的基础。本研究通过调控电除尘器内气流分布，优化电场断面粉尘浓度分布，进而提高电除尘器对微细颗粒的捕集效率。结合数值计算和模型试验研究典型结构下电除尘器内微细粒子的悬浮、沉积、二次飞扬过程和气流的传递、扩散、运动过程；叠加电除尘器内粒子浓度场与气流速度分布场，建立流场、电场与颗粒速度场的三维数值模型，研究不同气流流型下微细粒子的分布与运动规律，明确气流分布对电场断面粒子浓度分布和沉积粒子的影响规律，优化电除尘器内气流流型，降低二次扬尘，强化微细粒子捕集；通过电除尘试验研究优化气流流型下与现行均匀流型下的微细粒子的捕集效果，获得最佳运行参数。项目的研究成果对电除尘器气流分布装置的改造和设计具有重要的理论和应用价值。

Coal combustion is one of main sources of fine particles. Electrostatic precipitator is the most widely used in coal fired power plant. Trajectory of fine particles in Electrostatic precipitator is determined by the motion of air flow. According to the regulation of air flow distribution in Electrostatic precipitator, the distribution of dust concentration would be optimized, and collection efficiency of fine particles would be improved. In this study numerical calculation and model test method were combined to study the motion law of fine particles and air flow, and three-dimensional numerical model of electrostatic precipitator was established. The motion and distribution law of fine particles on the influence of diffrent air flow pattern were studied based on the three-dimensional numerical model, which consists of the dust concentration distribution fields and air flow velocity fields. The best distribution airflow pattern of electrostatic precipitators would be ascertained to reduce secondary blowing dust and increase collection efficiency of fine particles. The collection efficiency of fine particles of uniform distribution airflow pattern and the best distribution airflow pattern would be studied through model test. The project's research results have important theoretical and practical values on the design and retrofit of the electrostatic precipitator air distribution device.