糖尿病周围神经病变是糖尿病最常见的并发症，也是导致糖尿病肢端坏疽的重要原因，而痛性糖尿病周围神经病变（PDPN）的治疗是其中一大难题。我们通过临床实践发现乌头汤可明显改善PDPN患者症状，且疗效与剂量呈正相关性。有研究证实电压门控钾离子通道在背根神经节神经元调节痛觉信号传导中起着关键作用，KCNQ2/3通道的激活可降低神经元的兴奋性，缓解神经病理性疼痛，而磷脂酰肌醇-4,5-二磷酸是调节KCNQ2/3通道的关键因素。故我们提出乌头汤可抑制PIP2水解，提高细胞膜PIP2合成水平，继而上调KCNQ2/3蛋白的表达，激活KCNQ2/3通道，增强M电流，从而降低神经元的兴奋性，减弱疼痛刺激向中枢神经的传导，达到治疗PDPN的作用这一假说。本课题旨在研究乌头汤干预PDPN可能的作用机制，探索PDPN的治疗靶点，为今后临床用药和新药的创制提供理论依据。

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is the most common complication of diabetes, and is also an important cause of diabetes gangrene gangrene, and painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN) treatment is one of the major problems. We found that aconitum can significantly improve the symptoms of PDPN patients through clinical practice, and the efficacy and dose were positively correlated. Studies have shown that voltage-gated potassium channels play a key role in the regulation of pain signaling in dorsal root ganglion neurons. KCNQ2 / 3 activation can reduce neuronal excitability and relieve neuropathic pain, whereas phosphatidylinositol -4,5-diphosphate is a key factor in the regulation of the KCNQ2 / 3 channel. Therefore, we propose that aconitum can inhibit the hydrolysis of PIP2, increase the level of PIP2 synthesis of cell membrane, then up-regulate the expression of KCNQ2 / 3 protein, activate KCNQ2 / 3 channel, enhance M current, reduce neuronal excitability, reduce pain stimulation to central nervous system Of the conduction, to achieve the role of treatment of PDPN. The aim of this study is to study the possible mechanism of aconitine in the treatment of PDPN, to explore the therapeutic target of PDPN, and to provide theoretical basis for the future production of clinical drugs and new drugs.