强制戒断时间效应对海洛因成瘾者渴求影响的纵向fMRI研究

海洛因成瘾是我国当前的重大医学和社会问题。治疗海洛因成瘾的关键是降低成瘾者脱毒后对海洛因的强烈渴求，进而防止复吸。强制戒断是具有中国特色且最普遍实施的治疗方法。然而在短期的强制戒断后，海洛因成瘾者仍具有较高的复吸率。长期强制戒断对海洛因成瘾者的渴求及渴求相关脑区功能的具体影响目前尚不明了。阐明该规律是降低复吸率，取得理想疗效的关键。本项目基于我们的前期研究，以强制戒断的海洛因成瘾者为研究对象，以3.0T磁共振为研究平台，采用毒品线索诱导渴求的任务fMRI技术、静息态fMRI技术及心理行为学指标三者结合的研究方法，围绕成瘾者在强制戒断不同时间的渴求变化规律及渴求相关脑区功能变化规律，进行长期纵向、自身对照研究，探讨强制戒断的时间效应对成瘾者的渴求及其神经反应基础的影响，为进一步揭示海洛因成瘾的神经机制，为寻找干预复吸的有效策略，为制定最佳强制戒断方案提供实验依据。

Heroin addiction is a serious medical and social problem in China. The key point of treatment for heroin addiction is to decrease the patients' intense craving for heroin after abstinence and decrease the rates of relapse. The mandatory abstinence is Chinese characteristics and is the most generally implemented treatment of heroin addiction. However, the rates of relapse of the heroin-addicted individuals after a short-term abstinence remain still high. The impact of the long-term abstinence on the craving and craving-related brain regions of the heroin-addicted individuals is not clear. To elucidate　this regularity may be extremely important to decreasing the rates of relapse and winning successful treatment effect. Based on our previous study, we choose the heroin addicts during the abstinence as subjects and crarry out a longitudinal and self-control fMRI study closely combining drug-cue-induced-craving paradigm fMRI, resting-state fMRI and psychological praxiology in order to investigate the changes of craving and function of craving-related brain regions during different abstinence duration.The study of the impact of the different abstinence duration on the craving and craving-related brain regions will contribute to deriving the further insight into the mechanism of heroin addiction, providing the experimental data for seeking the effective measures to refrain relapse and making the best protocol of mandatory abstinence .