炭团菌科真菌是根据系统发育和形态结构特征定义的炭角菌目中一个大的科，目前包括18个属417个种。该科真菌大部分种具有发育良好的黑褐色子座，无性形态多为多节孢状，主要腐生于木材、叶片和果实上。目前，炭团菌科真菌尚有大量的分类单元没有被发现；科内部分属之间的形态界定尚未明确；大多数已知种尚未被测序及进行系统发育学的研究；近似属、种间的系统发育关系不明确。本项目拟对我国炭团菌科18个属进行调查与采集，采用形态学（有性形态+无性形态）与分子系统学相结合的方法对该科进行系统研究，预期达到：（1）明确该类群在我国的种类与地理分布，发现新的物种；（2）确立可靠的形态分类特征和合适的分子标记基因，明确各相近属间的界定依据，解决疑难种的分类地位；（3）阐明该科属、种间的系统发育关系，建立和完善更加自然合理的分类系统，为该类群真菌的资源开发和利用提供科学依据。

Hypoxylaceae is one of the largest family in phylogenetic analysis and morphological characteristics of Xylariale, and comprised 18 genera and more than 417 species. Most of the family had been characterised by well-developed, dark-brown coloured stromata and conidiophores mostly nodulisporium-like. Most species are saprobic in wood, leaves and fruits of angiosperms. So far, many undescribed taxa have not been discovered, and several genera of the reliable morphological characters have not found. Moreover, most of the described species in the family have not been sequenced and phylogenetically analysed, and phylogenetic relationships of genera and species are still unclear. In this project, we are going to collect specimens and culture strains of 18 genera in Hypoxylaceae. By employing morphological (sexual morph and asexual morph) and molecular methods, we aim to: (1) find out species diversity and distribution in China, and discover new taxa; (2) figure out the reliable morphological charaters and molecular gene marks, clarify the circumscriptions of similar, resolve the taxonomical statuses for difficult and disputed species; (3) discuss and elucidate the phylogenies of the family, establish more natural and reasonable classification system. The results can provide reliable scientific bases for fungal resources protection.