青春期是智力发育最后的“黄金时期”，但青春期智力发育的相关研究一直被忽视，导致我国贫困地区儿童智力发育落后的不良局面长期未得到改善，将严重制约成人后的发展与健康。目前国内外基于出生队列的早期生长发育动态变化与基因影响青春期智力发育的研究还未见报道。本项目着眼于国际上基因与体格和智力发育的最新研究成果，以及前期出生队列体格发育与智力发育的关联分析结果，拟采用先进的基因与环境关联路径分析及纵向数据分析技术，阐明早期生长发育对青春期智力发育的远期效应，鉴定FTO、ZNF基因的高风险基因型，构建早期生长发育、基因和青春期智力发育的关联模型。本研究不仅可明确生长发育影响青春期智力发育的关键阶段及早期生长发育动态变化的适宜范围，还有助于揭示早期生长发育动态变化与基因对青春期智力发育的作用机制，推进青春期智力发育因果关联和早期预警的研究进展。为提高青春期智力发育水平，实施精准预防与干预措施提供科学依据。

Investigations into intellectual development during puberty, the last golden stage for intellectual development, are largely missing from the literature. In China, poor intellectual development among children in poor areas have not be well addressed, which impedes their personal development and health status during adulthood. To the best of our knowledge, birth cohort study on the effect of early life growth and gene on pubertal intellectual development has not been reported worldwide. Path analyses and longitudinal data analyses will be performed by incorporating latest findings on the effect of gene on physical and intellectual development and our results on the associations between growth and intellectual development. The present study aims at revealing the long-term effect of early life growth on intellectual development, identifying high-risk genotypes of the FTO and ZNF gene, and establishing a latent model on the associations among early life growth, genotype, and pubertal intellectual development. Our findings will unveil the critical window for pubertal intellectual development, suggest the normal range for early life growth, and elucidate the mechanisms through which early life growth and gene influences pubertal intellectual development. The present study will enrich current body of knowledge on the contributory factors of intellectual development, which facilitates early identification of at-risk individuals and allows for evidence-based, personalized decisions regarding prevention and intervention for poor intellectual development.