多级组装复合相变材料及其功能分区与协同强化

余能废热约占燃料总消耗量的30%以上，对其有效回收和再利用，是节能降耗和减少污染的最有效途径之一。因此，应用于相变潜热储能技术中的关键材料，近年来成为备受各国学者关注的研究热点。本课题以复合相变材料为研究对象，针对该类材料载体基质与工作物质易发生相分离、热能利用率低等关键科学问题，提出了基于多级组装实现功能分区以及协同强化热存储与热传导功能的新思路，即通过设计制备微纳尺度可调的多层空心结构及其连通各层的纳米尺度能量通道，构筑既独立存在又功能耦合的"储能区"和"传导区"，从而使各区功能最大化，获得高蓄能-高导热-自定型等优势兼容的一体化新型复合相变材料。.项目的意义在于提出构建复合相变材料独特多级结构的新方法；拓展一类兼具高储能和高传导性能的新型复合相变材料；揭示储能与传导功能的耦合及优化原则；为新型复合相变材料的应用推广提供数据支持。

Recovering and reusing waste energy and heat is considered as one of the most effective and attractive methods for energy saving and reduction of thermal pollution, because the waste energy accounts for 30% of the total fuel consumption. Therefore, the key supporting materials applied for the latent heat storage technology have received much attention in recent years. This research takes a series of composite phase change materials (c-PCMs) as its object. Some main problems exist with c-PCMs,such as liquid leakage in the solid-liquid phase change process and low thermal conductivities. In view of these problems, we have put forward some solutions: ultilizing the multi-level assembly to achieve functional partition, so as to strengthen the function of heat storage/transfer together. In detail, the multi-shells hollow structure in micro/nano scales and nano holes are prepared so that the "heat storage section" and "heat transfer section" are built systematically. Although the two sections exist independently, they are coupled together in function. Both of them can achieve maximum function. Finally, a series of novel c-PCMs are obtained, which integrate high energy storage - high thermal conduvtivity - self stereotypes as a whole. The significance of this research is that it expands the new kinds of phase change materials, proposes the new method for building the multi-level assembly structure, reveals the priciple for heat storage and transfer intergration, improves the thermal efficiency, and advances the basic theories for heat design.