学龄儿童乘员重大交通伤亡事故促进了校车的推广应用。虽然目前的校车相对于普通客车的结构安全性有所改进，但是由于缺乏足够的吸能空间，在碰撞吸能装置设计时还存在明显缺陷。因此，必须开发新型防撞溃缩机构来提高客车的结构安全性。本项目拟根据高速失效模式下的材料动态特性参数建立客车防撞溃缩机构数值模型，利用该模型研究机构结构布局型式及参数对形变溃败过程中的材料流动、形变力、溃缩效应、构件失效的影响规律，运用碰撞兼容性原理构建结构变形侵入特性的定量描述理论模型。通过多学科优化和稳健设计，厘清机构部件形状、材质、容重、壁厚、尺寸、高度、位置、刚度与质量稳健性、功能空间的回归关系，设计出新型防撞溃缩机构，提出在有限功能空间下的碰撞吸能装置设计准则和设计依据，提升现有客车车身结构的设计水平。研究成果对于提高客车的结构安全性及发展轻质强韧抗撞击兼容性稳健性好的创新碰撞吸能装置具有重要意义。

School-age children occupant major traffic casualties promote the popularization and application of the school bus. Although the structure safety of school bus relative to normal bus has improved, but due to the lack of enough space for bus body, also has the obvious flaw in the crush energy absorption structure design. Therefore，it is necessary to develop the new anti-collision burst to in-depth study on bus body structure mechanism. This project is according to the high-speed dynamic failure characteristics of material parameter mode to establish numerical model of bus crash structure, using the model to study influence law of deformation failure, material flow in the process of deformation force, collapsing effect of component failure of structure parameter. And build the structure deformation quantitative invasion characteristics description model by crash compatibility principle. Through multidisciplinary optimization and robust design, to clarify the.mechanism of the shapes of the parts, materials, bulk density, wall thickness, size, height, position, stiffness and regression relationship with quality stability and function space, design a new anti-collision burst mechanism, put forward the energy absorber design criteria and design basis in the limited space of the function, improve the design of the existing level of bus body structure. Research to improve structural safety and development of light bus crash compatibility strong robustness device has important meaning of innovation energy absorption structure