在硫元素生物地球化学循环中，水圈微生物的驱动发挥着巨大作用。然而，在驱动硫循环的水圈微生物群体中存在大量未培养微生物，其硫代谢机制、微生物群体的组成和维持群体结构的机制还很不明确。我们设计以不依赖于纯培养、原位无损、非标记的拉曼光镊技术，结合微流芯片原位模拟、单细胞测序以及宏基因组等技术，监测参与硫代谢循环的未培养微生物多样性和在硫循环中的贡献，解析硫氧化菌群体形成和降解零价硫小球的机制，观察零价硫小球中间体对微生物群落结构构成、多样性调控的影响，探讨硫驱动群落中微生物互作的机理, 以期通过拉曼光镊新技术的研发和改进来发现富硫水圈中未培养微生物中参与硫循环的功能微生物及其群落架构，阐释水圈微生物推动硫元素循环的分子机制。

In the sulfur biogeochemical cycle, the action of hydrosphere microbes is a very important driving force. However，the vast majority of microbes which drive the sulfur cycle is unculturable. It remains obscure for the mechanism of sulfur metabolism in the cell, the constitution of microbial population and the maintenance of ecological niche. In the proposal, we design and develop an in situ, culture-independent, non-destructive, label-free laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy technique to analyze the water microbes. Combined with the techniques of microfluidic chip, single-cell sequencing and metagenomics, we will identify the microorganisms involved in the sulfur cycle and their contribution in the sulfur cycle, analyze the formation and degradation of sulfur globules in the uncultured sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, observe the affection of sulfur globules on the constitution, diversity and structures of the microbial population, explore the mechanism of interactions between microbes for the sulfur cycle driving. We expect the new technology will help us find the influence of uncultured functional microbes living in sulfur-rich environment on the microbial community structure and sulfur biogeochemical cycle and reveal the mechanism how hydrosphere microbes drive the sulfur cycle.