异腈多组分反应(IMCR)是当前有机合成化学领域的研究热点。本课题以异腈官能团独特的反应性能为主线，利用异腈与(sp2)亲电试剂进行α-加成反应生成两可性离子的特性，系统地开展基于异腈的新型多组分串联反应研究。一、基于异腈-醛-含活泼亚甲基乙腈类化合物原位生成两可性离子的反应特性，建立多种普遍适用的新型多组分串联反应模式；二、提出一种貌似Passerini反应而实际机理与Passerini反应完全不同的先α-加成然后进行分子内Cannizarro反应全新机理，并首次实现不同醛与异腈的交叉缩合；三、以异腈-醛-含活泼亚甲基的乙腈类衍生物生成两可性离子引发的多组分反应为模板，设计并合成若干未见文献报道的新型小分子荧光探针，将有机合成方法学与新型荧光试剂开发紧密结合，为合成功能有机化合物提供简洁、高效和环境友好的途径和策略。

Recently, the isocyanide-based multi-component reactions (IMCRs) are becoming the hot spot in the field of organic synthetic chemistry. Based on the unique reactive features of the isocyanide functional group, this subject would systematically study on developing novel multicomponent reactions utilizing the zwitterions generated in situ from α-addition reactions of isocyanides with (sp2)electrophiles -electron-deficient olefins: First, develope the novel IMCRs based on the zwitterions that are obtained by adding the isocyanides to the electron-deficient olefins generated in situ from the reactions of aldehydes with malononitrile, aldehydes with ethyl cyanoacetate, or aldehydes with cyanoacetamide, respectively. Second, propose a new mechanism, which looks like Passerini reaction but is completely different from Passerini reaction (first α-addition and then intramolecular Cannizarro). The cross condensation of two different aldehydes with an isocyanide would be achived for the fist time. Third, utilize the reactions developed above as the templates to design and synthesize several novel small molecule fluorescent probes whereby realize the connection of organic synthesis methodology and new fluorescent reagent exploitation, and providing simple, efficient and environmental friendly strategies for the synthesis of functional compounds.