社会化服务对农业经营主体生产效率的影响机制与政策选择研究

近年来土地流转态势迅猛，但来自现实风险和理论挑战的压力日益增加。如何跳出“依靠土地流转促进适度规模经营”的“定势思维”，从加强农业社会化服务的角度来探讨中国特色农业现代化的实现路径，是当前农业转型发展所面临的重大战略问题。本研究着眼于农业数量和质量产出效率，整合服务生产力、质量经济学和投入产出分析等已有理论与方法，从“农业社会化服务为什么可以促进农业产出效率”、“影响效果怎么样”和“中国特色农业现代化道路怎么走”三个方面开理论和实证分析。首先，在理论上构建社会化服务与农业产出效率之间的逻辑框架；再基于一手资料对不同行业、不同类型的农业社会化服务与农业数量和质量产出之间的量化关系进行实证分析，然后，通过构建一个融合供求双方因素的服务生产力模型分析农业社会化服务的供给效率；最后，在分析检验政府支持策略有效性的基础上，提出以完善新型农业社会化服务体系为核心加快推进中国特色农业现代化的政策建议。

At present, the moderate-scale agribusiness with the focus of land circulation has become the trend. However, the pressure from real risks and theoretic challenges is building up. Hence, with regard to China’s future agricultural transformation, a major strategic issue is to how to break the trend or the fossilized thinking and to explore the way to agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics by enhancing agricultural services. Based on the features of the factors market and the micro agricultural operators, this study integrates the existing research outcomes such as the service productivity theory, quality economics and input-output analysis measures. In addition, it focuses on the quantity and quality output efficiency in agriculture, and conducts theoretic and empirical analysis from three aspects, i.e., why agricultural services can promote output efficiency, what is the effect and what’s the correct path to agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics. First, the author establishes a logical framework among the land circulation, agricultural services and output efficiency, and carries out a preliminary demonstration by comparing different cases. Second, an empirical analysis is made on the quantitative relationship between agricultural services in different fields and of different types and the agricultural quantity and quality output. Then, by building a supply efficiency model of agricultural socialized services that integrates supply and demand factors, the author analyzes the output mechanism and supply efficiency of the services. Last but not least, based on field investigation, the author studies and examines the practical approaches and government support polices for building a new system of agricultural services. Finally, the author proposes the policy suggestion to step up the agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics with the focus of improving the new system of agricultural service.