秦岭川金丝猴(Rhinopithecus roxellana qinlingensis)隶属于亚洲叶猴的仰鼻猴属，是我国特有的珍稀濒危动物。针对秦岭这一特殊生境，该物种演化出了一系列特征，包括独特的重层社会系统、区别于其它金丝猴的表观性状，独特的生理适应等等，这使其成为适应性进化研究的良好模型。由于二代基因组测序的技术局限，使得川金丝猴的基因组分析丢失了很多有效信息。随着基因组测序的发展，本项目利用课题组刚刚组装好的，基于三代全基因组测序(Pacbio SMRT)和从头拼接获得的秦岭川金丝猴高质量基因组，结合比较基因组学分析和生物信息学手段，追溯秦岭川金丝猴的种群历史波动；揭示秦岭川金丝猴重层社会系统的形成机制；解析秦岭川金丝猴特异性状产生的分子基础。进一步加深对灵长类进化的了解，丰富灵长类适应性进化的相关理论。

The golden snub-nosed monkey in Qinling mountains(Rhinopithecus roxellana qinlingensis) is a member of the Asian colobine, an endangered species endemic to China. This species possesses a series of specific traits, including a unique multi-level society system, distinguished characters and specific physiological adaptation, which makes it an excellent model for studying adaptive evolution. Due to the limit of sequencing technology, genomic studies on R. roxellana have lost much information during analysis. In comparison, the third-generation sequencing could solve these problems effectively. Based on the fulfilled high-quality genome of the Qinling golden snub-nosed monkey obtained from the third-generation sequencing (Pacbio SMRT) of whole genome and de novo assembly, and in combination of comparative genomics analysis and bioinformatics methods, our project aims to trace the demography of the R. roxellana qinlingensis, reveal the formation mechanisms of the multi-level society system and to analyze the molecular basis of the specific traits in R. roxellana qinlingensis. This work will deepen our comprehension of the evolution of primates and will also rich the theories of adaptive evolution in primates.