金属-空气电池因具有较高的理论能量密度而受到了广泛的关注。其中，由于钠元素储量丰富、超氧化钠作为放电产物具有较低的过电势等优势，使的钠-空气电池受到研究者越来越多的关注。在钠-空气电池当中，放电产物超氧化钠（NaO2）存在不稳定易转化为其他化合物（碳酸钠等）的问题，这些化合物不易分解进而影响电池的库伦效率和循环稳定性。许多研究发现使用催化剂可以有效分解这些非超氧化钠产物，从而提高电池性能。但是，目前还缺少有效的研究手段来甄别判断这些催化剂的实际作用而且对催化机理缺少理解。近常压光电子能谱（APXPS）作为一种原位表征手段，在催化和能源器件领域有广泛应用。本项目将制备多种正极催化材料并利用APXPS对钠-空气电池进行原位表征，探究正极催化剂的电子结构与充放电过程的关系、分析催化作用机理，促进钠-空气电池基础研究的认识和商业化应用的发展。

Rechargeable metal-air batteries have been attracted tremendous attention owing to the high theoretical specific energy. Na-air batteries have better cyclic performances because of their lower charge overpotential with the product of NaO2, and the large sodium reserves make it a promising electrical storage technology. The discharge products of NaO2 is easy to convert to other components, which will further affect the battery performance. Many researchers found the catalytic on cathode could decompose these components and improve batteries performance. However, there still lack efficient tools to study their catalysis mechanisms. Ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (APXPS) as a powerful in-situ characterization tool, has been widely used in catalysis and energy devices. This project using APXPS in situ studies the various cathode materials in Na-air batteries, measuring the catalytic electronic structures during charge-discharge processes, exploring the catalysis mechanisms. This study will give us a better understanding of Na-air batteries and promote their development.