目前包括山羊在内的家畜育种工作主要集中在生长、繁殖、泌乳及其他经济性状相关的基因多态分子和基因编辑育种，由于缺乏对山羊免疫球蛋白基因（Ig）结构及表达谱相关研究，使得其抗病育种进展缓慢。因此，本研究以山羊为对象，利用脾脏转录组数据，结合基因组信息，利用5’RACE，Genome Walking等方法，研究Ig重链、k链和λ链基因座位的胚系结构，并用Southern blot、Northern blot和Western Blot等对Ig基因的类型、结构和表达等进行系统的分析。对cDNA中使用频率最高的VH、Vκ和Vλ基因中的单碱基替换/突变及插入/突变进行统计，分析山羊Ig重链及轻链V(D)J 表达机制，比较山羊和绵羊Ig基因座位结构和表达机制的差异，为进一步了解羊Ig的选择性重组机制和特异性抗体的表达规律奠定理论基础，也为进一步寻找特异性抗体并进行疾病的防治和抗病育种提供免疫学理论依据。

At present, including goat, livestock disease resistance breeding work mainly involved in molecular genetics and breeding of economic characters (such as growth, reproduction and lactation) related gene polymorphism analysis. However，the research of immunoglobulin(Ig) genes which directly related to the disease resistance still few. This research focus on the research Ig germline gene locus structure and antibody repertoire diversity in Saanen dairy goat. Based on the genome sequence information, we analysis the goat immunoglobulin heavy chain, κ chain and λ chain gene loci in germ-line, conducting evolutionary relationship analysis and phylogenetic trees. The bias use of Ig gene heavy chain and light chain variable region gene segment on the expression level; Process statistical analysis for single base substitution/mutation and insertion/ mutation, which have maximum useful frequency in cDNA, analyze Ig gene heavy chain and light chain.V(D)J recombination and connect diversities, use Southern blot analysis Ig gene type, structure and expression. Illustrate the Ig germline gene locus structure and the mechanisms of antibody repertoire, for in-depth understanding of the disease-resistant mechanism of and the relationship between genes and resistance traits, to provide theoretical foundations deeper to promote the disease-resistant breeding work in goat.