风荷载作用下的壳体稳定性是冷却塔结构设计的关键控制因素，传统边界层风洞试验技术的良态气候稳定分析方法以及基于环向均匀加载模式的规范稳定检验公式难于适用强台风和龙卷风等特异风灾气候复杂风压作用下的超大型冷却塔抗风稳定研究。为此，拟结合兼顾计算效率和工程精度的台风三维风场解析模型以及多风扇主动控制风洞试验技术进行典型工程地貌下的强台风数值建模和物理模拟，采用移动式龙卷风模拟装置再现具有三维强切变旋转效应的龙卷风风场结构。在此基础上，开展超大型冷却塔完全缩尺失稳模型风洞试验以及考虑特异风荷载模式和材料非线性效应的精细化三维实体有限元模型显式动力分析，研究强台风和龙卷风特异气流作用下的结构屈曲应力状态、屈曲模态形状和后屈曲平衡路径，揭示超大型冷却塔从弹性失稳到塑性倒塌全过程结构失效作用机理，建立兼顾设计合理性和便捷性的结构稳定评价公式，为超大型冷却塔结构抗特异风灾设计提供理论依据。

The wind-induced stability of hyperbolic shell is a key control factor in the structural design of cooling tower. The stability analyses under synoptic winds simulated in the conventional boundary layer wind tunnel tests and the stability check formulas adopted by the current code only considering uniformly-distributed wind loadings are difficult to suit for wind-resistance stability investigations of super-large cooling towers under non-synoptic winds like strong typhoons and tornadoes under which wind-induced pressures on cooling towers are complicated and unevenly distributed. Therefore, 3D wind field analytical models of typhoons satisfying the requirements of computational efficiency and engineering accuracy, combing with multiple-fan actively-controlled wind tunnel techniques, are adopted to conducted numerical and physical simulations of wind field characteristics in strong typhoons. A tornado vortex simulator which can simulate a real translating tornado is adopted to reproduce three-dimensional wind field structures. Then, wind tunnel tests of full reduced-scale buckling models and explicit dynamic analyses of refined solid FE models considering wind load distribution patterns and material nonlinearities are conducted to study structural buckling stress states, buckling mode shapes and post-buckling equilibrium paths when super-large cooling towers are subjected to special air flows of strong typhoons and tornadoes. The structural failure mechanisms in the whole process from elastic buckling to plastic collapse are revealed and the updated stability check formulas suitable for engineering practice are proposed, for the purpose of providing theoretical bases in the wind-resistant designs of super-large cooling towers under non-synoptic wind climates.