全（多）氟烷基化合物（PFASs）具有优异的表面活性，在石油开采中作为驱油剂等助剂提高原油回收率，但其对油田周边环境的释放与影响缺少研究。由于大量新型PFASs的合成与使用，靶向分析难以反映环境中PFASs的污染特征全貌。因此本研究拟以大港油田为研究对象，对油田开采区进行环境多介质调查，结合高级氧化手段阐明不同链长PFASs（C2-C12）的分布特征和未知PFASs前体物的贡献水平，筛查高污染位点，揭示油田环境的源汇机制；利用高分辨质谱对高污染位点样品进行非靶向分析，首次应用新型SPE大气采样器辅助筛查大气样品中的未知前体物，识别新型PFASs种类；采用土壤微宇宙研究新型PFASs的微生物转化活性，筛查关键中间产物，阐明石油烃污染对PFASs降解路径和产物组成的影响机制。本项目为评价PFASs在油田开采中使用的环境风险提供理论与数据支持，为正确管理PFASs的生产与使用提供科学依据。

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have excellent surface activity and been used as chemical aids to promote crude oil recovery in oil exploitation. However, few study has focused on their on-site release and impacts on surrounding environment. A large number of PFAS alternatives have been synthesized and used. It is impossible to unveil their whole contamination profiles merely with targeted analysis. Therefore, this study is to investigate PFASs in multiple environmental matrices from Dagang oil field as a representative; with the help of advanced oxidation technology, to clarify distribution patterns of PFASs of different chain lengths (C2-C12) and contribution levels of unknown PFAS precursors, to reveal the local source- sink mechanisms, and to target sites of high contamination levels; to further apply untargeted analysis to samples from sites of high contamination levels using high-resolution mass spectrometry for comprehensive identification of novel PFASs and for the first time to use a novel solid-phase extraction air sampler for screening unknown precursors in air samples; to use a soil microcosm to investigate the microbial transformation of typical PFASs, to identify and determine key intermediates, and to clarify the impact of petroleum hydrocarbons contamination on their degradation pathways and products. This project provides data and theories for environmental risk assessment for PFASs in oil fields and foundations for proper management of PFASs in production and application.