腹泻型肠易激综合征（IBS-D）是我国最常见的功能性胃肠病，其发病机制尚未完全阐明，且缺乏理想的动物模型。脑肠轴功能异常和菌群失调在其发病机制中具有重要的作用，脑、肠和肠道菌群三者之间相互作用，形成了脑-肠-菌群轴。“粪菌移植”可治疗难治性菌群失调相关性疾病，基于“粪菌移植”思路，将IBS-D患者的肠道菌群移植到大鼠体内，有可能复制出IBS-D的腹泻特征。本研究基于脑-肠-菌群轴和“粪菌移植”思路，采用母子分离联合“粪菌移植”法建立IBS-D大鼠模型，并从动物行为学、大便特征、内脏敏感性、胃肠动力、脑肠肽水平、肥大细胞活化和细胞因子水平等方面评价了模型的病理特征。基于该模型，通过分析疏肝健脾法对上述病理特征以及肠道菌群宏基因组学的影响，探讨疏肝健脾法调节IBS-D脑-肠-菌群轴的作用机制。

Diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D) is the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder in our country. The pathophysiology of IBS-D is complex and not completely understood, and there is no ideal animal model. The dysfunction of brain-gut axis and alteration of intestinal flora play an important role in the pathogenesis of IBS-D. The interaction of brain, gut and enteric microbiota form the brain-gut-enteric micobiota axis. Fecal microbiota transplantation was used to treat recurrent Clostridium difficile infection for years. Under this viewpoint, the transplantation of fecal microbiota from patients with IBS-D to animal may lead to diarrhea of animal. This project was designed under the guidance of the concept of brain-gut-enteric micobiota axis and fecal microbiota transplantation. A rat model of IBS-D was established in the method of maternal separation and fecal microbiota transplantation from IBS-D patients. The evaluation of the behavior, character of stools, visceral sensitivity, motility of gastrointestinal tract, the level of brain-gut peptide, action of mast cell and the level of cytokines were did in the rat model. The mechanism of therapy with soothing liver and strengthening spleen was explored in the respect of brain-gut-enteric micobiota axis by metagenomics and so on.