当前仍缺乏可靠的船舶压载水存活生物现场、快速检测技术。基于申请人发现的微藻电动运动速度与其尺寸和活性有关的现象，本项目提出在微通道中，对样品施加直流电场来使其电动运动，通过测得的脉冲信号，计算体积速度（体积×速度）并用于判定微藻的活性和个数。主要内容有：1）测量典型微藻在不同溶液中的表面电荷，旨在科学解释压载水处理技术和溶液种类对微藻表面电荷的影响规律，为现场检测选择最佳溶液（死、活微藻表面电荷差异最大）提供依据；2）利用测得的微藻表面电荷，数值模拟研究最佳溶液中，微藻阻抗脉冲信号幅值和宽度随通道尺寸和外加电场的变化规律，分析不同条件下的检测精度；3）搭建实验系统，测定典型死、活微藻的脉冲信号，建立死、活微藻电动运动速度随体积速度的变化曲线，为后续通过脉冲信号直接判定微藻活性奠定基础。通过上述研究，为发展新型船舶压载水便携式检测装置奠定基础。

At present, there is still a lack of reliable on-site and rapid analysis technology for living organisms in ship ballast water. Based on the phenomena related to the electrokinetic moving velocity of the microalgae and its size and viability discovered by the applicant, this project proposes to apply a DC electric field to the sample to make it translocate in the microchannel. The volume velocity (volume×speed) is calculated using the detected pulse signals and used to determine the viability and number of microalgae. The main contents include: 1) Measure the surface charge of typical microalgae in different solutions, aiming to scientifically explain the influence of ballast water treatment technology and solution types on the surface charge of microalgae, and to provide the basis to determine the optimal solution (Surface charge difference of dead and live microalgae is the largest.) for on-site analysis; 2) Use the measured microalgae surface charge to numerically study in the optimal solution, the dependence of microalgae resistive pulse amplitude and width change on the channel size and the applied electric field, and further study the analysis accuracy under different conditions; 3) Set up an experimental system to measure the pulse signals of typical dead and live microalgae, and establish the curve of the electrokinetic moving velocity of the dead and live microalgae as a function of the volume velocity, which will lay the foundation for the subsequent direct determination of the microalgae viability through the pulse signals. In a word, the fundamental researches proposed are to provide reference for the development of a novel portable ballast water analysis device.