本项目主要面向国防民用设施（如雷达系统、战舰部件、输电设备和风电设施等）的防冰应用需求，解决防冰涂层从实验室试验阶段到实际应用过程中所面临的理论与技术瓶颈。以中碳钢表面微纳结构疏水涂层为主要研究对象，旨在系统地研究固-液-气界面行为对冰形核的影响。对于超疏水涂层是抑制还是促进冰形核尚存争议，该问题的关键在于低温下涂层表面固-液-气界面行为的变化。分子动力学模拟偏重涂层表面氢键的控制而无法反映其真实表面形貌，现有实验结果忽略了本征表面能对冰形核的影响。本项目首先重点开展不同尺度微纳结构表面的设计和涂层的界面行为等两方面的研究，着重解决低温下的微纳结构表面尺度、表面能等对冰形核的影响机制等一系列关键问题，最终建立一套可有效指导防冰涂层设计及冰形核模拟测试的理论体系，完成低温下微纳结构涂层表面固-液-气界面行为变化规律的理论探索及实验验证。项目研究将为防冰涂层的设计提供理论依据和关键技术途径。

The anti-icing coatings used for the protection of defense and daily used facilities such as radar system, fighter planes, warships, ice breaker ships, airplanes and powerlines, will be studied. The effect of solid / liquid / gas interfaces of micro-/nanostructured hydrophobic coatings on ice nucleation behaviors will be investigated systematically. Till now, controversies remain on whether superhydrophobic coatings suppress or promote ice nucleation. Molecular dynamic simulation emphasizes the distribution of hydrogen bonding on a coating surface, and is limited in the description of the coating’s surface morphology. Experimental studies on ice nucleation behaviors of anti-icing coatings ignored the influence of intrinsic surface energy of the coatings’ surface. In this project, the effect of surface morphology and intrinsic surface energy on ice nucleation temperatures will be studied systematically. The surface morphology and intrinsic surface energy of hydrophobic coatings on medium carbon steels will be designed and finely controlled, respectively, to solve the problems mentioned above. Then, considering the change of solid / liquid / gas interfaces at low temperatures, the computational models will be built based on the contact modes between ice nuclei and the solid / liquid / gas interfaces to understanding the mechanisms of ice nucleation on the surfaces with different surface morphologies or surface energy. Finally, the nucleation site of ice on the coating surfaces will be determined by the developed simulation and experimental results. The effect of the solid / liquid / gas interfaces on ice nucleation will be verified. The work of this project can provide a theoretical basis and key technological approaches for the design of anti-icing coatings.