生物炭对樱桃生长及生理特性的影响效应及调控机制

生物炭对作物的正向效应因其材质、用量和作用物种而异。在前期研究基础上，本项目以贵州特有品种玛瑙红樱桃幼苗为材料，在栽培基质中添加生物炭，开展生物炭对樱桃生长及生理特性的影响及调控机制研究：1）通过对不同材质生物炭在不同施用量下玛瑙红樱桃幼苗生长状况、光合特性、矿质营养及抗病性的动态监测，揭示生物炭对玛瑙红樱桃的正向影响效应，明确生物炭最佳施用模式及最显著效应时期。2）基于生物炭最佳施用模式及最显著效应时期，以无生物炭（CK1）和“无营养成分”生物炭 （CK2）为对照，研究玛瑙红樱桃根系形态生理、菌根多样性、根系转录水平基因表达特性，根际土壤理化特性及土壤微生物群落物种、结构和功能变化特性，阐明生物炭自身结构特性和养分特性在其发挥效应过程中的贡献，解析生物炭对玛瑙红樱桃生长及生理特性的调控机制，为生物炭在樱桃上的应用提供重要理论支撑，也为深刻理解生物炭对作物的正向效应调节机制提供新信息。

The positive effect of biochar on crop varies with biochar material, dosage, and crop species. Therefore, we want to study the effect and regulation mechanism of biochar on cherry, based on our previous research in which the biochar amendment can result in increased the growth and fruit quality of cherry ‘Manaohong’, which is Guizhou province special cultivar. Two independent experiments will conducted in this study. 1) In different material biochar and application rate conditions, the effect of biochar on growth status, photosynthetic characters, mineral nutrition status and plant protection will be monitoring dynamically, and the best application mode and the significant work period will be determined. 2) Based on the best application mode and the significant work period, we design the treatment of soil with chemical-free biochar or without biochar as control. The root morphological characteristic, diversity of mycorrhiza and expression pattern of genes in root will be studied. The physicochemical property of rhizosphere soil, and the species, community structure and function of soil microorganisms will be also investigated. On the basis of above morphological, physiological and molecular characteristics, the regulation mechanism that biochar facilitate plant growth will be clarified. Meanwhile, the contribution of biochar components and structure will be ascertained. Furthermore, we hope to provide crucial theoretical support for biochar application on cherry and very useful information for regulation mechanisms of biochar-stimulated plant positive effect.