杭州湾两翼全新世中期以来地貌演化特征与新石器文明发展的对比研究

现今三角洲、沿海地区的环境变化是包括过去全球变化在内的长尺度变化趋势叠加强烈人类活动的结果。研究沿海地区历史时期环境变迁与海平面变化以及相应的人类适应与响应关系，不仅对于深刻认识我国沿海地区海陆交互环境特征、地貌形成机理和未来的演化趋势具有重要意义；也为人类应对未来全球海平面变化提供了历史借鉴。.在杭州湾两翼新石器遗址相对集中的瓶窑地区和姚江谷地开展钻探取芯，通过钻孔沉积相、年代学以及代用指标的分析，结合现代潮滩沉积序列特征，获取两个地区尤其是全新世中期以来的相对海平面变化以及相应的地貌空间变化特征；提取考古记录中的人类活动信息，结合钻孔的孢粉、植硅体和炭屑等指标来获取人类活动与人文社会信息；对比两翼全新世中期以来海平面、地貌特征、遗址迁移及人类活动信息等异同，着重分析气候、环境事件以及地表水文过程对新石器文明发展阶段性以及兴衰的影响；探讨人类活动对气候~海平面~地貌变化的响应与适应机制。

The present environment settings of the coastal and delta regions are the results of past long-term global changes overlapping recent intense human activities. The studies on the linkages of environmental and geomorphological changes with the sea level variations, and the corresponding human responses and adaptations can give insights into better understanding the characteristics of land-sea interactions, dynamics of geomorphological processes and the future tendency, and also provided historical perspectives of human-nature interactions coping with future sea level change. . This proposal plans to obtain sediment cores in Pingyao and Yaojing valley areas of the north and south flank of Hangzhou Bay respectively where Neolithic relics and sites are densely distributed. Sediment facies, sediment dating and proxies analysis integrated with sediment sequence of modern tidal plat will be employed to reconstruct the Holocene sea level variations and the spatial features of geomorphological changes. The information of human activities retrieved from archaeological findings, excavation reports and from pollen, phytolith and charcoals evidences of sediment cores were integrated to reflect the human presences and social status. Comparative analysis between the similarities and differences of sea level, geomorphological features, human immigration and human activities of the two areas were conducted to show the roles of climate, environment events and terrestrial hydrological processes on the phases and the rise and demise of the Neolithic cultures. Finally the mechanism of human responses and adaptations to the coupled dynamics of climate, sea level and geomorphological changes since the Mid-Holocene are discussed.