地塞米松经耳后注射对膜迷路积水的影响及在内耳不同部位的分布研究

目前多种内耳疾病的一线用药为糖皮质激素，首选给药方式为全身给药。但是为了达到有效的治疗浓度，常会引起严重的全身副作用，特别不适用于已合并其他全身疾病如高血压、糖尿病等患者。因此，局部给药方式成为研究的新方向，如经鼓室给药和耳后皮下注射给药等方式。但是，经鼓室给药存在手术创伤，长须多次给药，给患者带来极大痛苦，而耳后注射给药创伤小，在门诊容易操作。经过多年的研究证明耳后给药方式对内耳疾病的治疗效果好，对全身的损伤小，但是其从耳后皮下进入靶位置的路径并不明确，相应的基础研究较少。因此，本项目通过不同的给药方式注射地塞米松，探讨其对膜迷路积水的影响及在内耳不同位置的分布，发掘耳后皮下注射给药进入靶位置的可能路径，为临床用药及后续的对其他疾病的研究提供理论基础。

At present, glucocorticoid is the first-line drug for many kinds of inner ear diseases, and the preferred method of administration is systemic administration.However, in order to achieve an effective therapeutic concentration, serious systemic side effects are often caused, especially not for patients who have been associated with other systemic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, etc.As a result, local administration has become a new research direction, such as administration via tympanic cavity and subcutaneous injection behind the ear.However, there was surgical trauma in the administration of drugs through the tympanum, and the administration of drugs for long beard was repeated, which brought great pain to the patients.After years of research, it has been proved that the retroauricular administration method has a good effect on the treatment of inner ear diseases and has little damage to the whole body. However, the route from the subcutaneous to the target position behind the ear is not clear, and the corresponding basic studies are few.Therefore, in this project, dexamethasone was injected in different ways to explore its influence on the hydrocephalus labyrinthiae and its distribution in different locations of the inner ear, and to explore the possible routes for the subcutaneous injection of the drug behind the ear to the target location, so as to provide a theoretical basis for clinical medication and subsequent studies on other diseases.